4,8-二(2,4,6-三硝基-3,5-二氨基苯基)双呋咱并吡嗪的合成与性能  

Synthesis and Characterization of 4,8-Di(2,4,6-trinitro-3,5-diaminophenyl) difurazanopyrazine

作　　者：张倩[1] 段秉蕙 谭博军 卢先明[1,2] 王伯周 刘宁[1,2] ZHANG Qian;DUAN Bing-hui;TAN Bo-jun;LU Xian-ming;WANG Bo-zhou;LIU Ning(Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi'an 710065,China;State Key Laboratory of Fluorine&Nitrogen Chemicals,Xi′an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065 [2]氟氮化工资源高效开发与利用国家重点实验室,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《含能材料》2023年第2期107-113,共7页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(22175139)。

摘　　要：为探索兼具良好耐热性能和安全性能的新型含能材料,以1-氯-2,4,6-三硝基-3,5-二氨基苯和4H,8H-双呋咱并吡嗪为原料,经取代反应合成了4,8-二(2,4,6-三硝基-3,5-二氨基苯基)双呋咱并吡嗪(NADFP)。采用核磁共振(氢谱、碳谱)、红外光谱、元素分析等测试方法对化合物结构进行了表征。通过溶剂挥发法培养获得NADFP与N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)溶剂合物的单晶NADFP·DMF,利用X-射线单晶衍射法进行解析。结果表明,NADFP·DMF属单斜晶系,P21/c空间群,a=7.854(3)?,b=18.466(6)A,c=11.093(3)A,ρ=1.640 g·cm^(-3)。使用Hirshfeld表面分析法计算了分子内/分子间作用力,显示氢键占比高达53.5%。采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和热失重法(TG/DTG)研究了NADFP的热分解性能,结果显示热分解峰温为337.2℃和368.8℃。研究了NADFP的理论爆轰性能和机械感度,密度为1.81 g·cm^(-3),固相生成热827.1 kJ·mol^(-1),理论爆速7968 m·s^(-1),理论爆压27.5 GPa,撞击感度大于40 J,摩擦感度大于360 N。其综合性能显著优于常用耐热炸药六硝基茋。In order to explore new energetic material with both good thermal stability and high safety performance,4,8-di(2,4,6-trinitro-3,5-diaminophenyl)difurazanopyrazine (NADFP) was synthesized by substitution reaction using 1-chloro-2,4,6-trinitro-3,5-diaminobenzene and 4H,8H-difurazanopyrazine as raw materials.Its structure was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (~1H and13C spectrum),infrared spectroscopy and element analysis.The single crystal of NADFP·DMF was obtained by solvent evaporation method,and the crystal structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction.Results show that NADFP·DMF belongs to monoclinic system,space group P21/c,a=7.854(3)A,b=18.466(6)A,c=11.093(3)A,ρ=1.640 g·cm^(-3).The inter-/intramolecular interactions were calculated by Hirshfeld surfaces analysis with hydrogen bond interactions accounting for 53.5%.The thermal behavior of NADFP was studied by DSC and TG/DTG methods,which show that its decomposition peaks are 337.2℃and 368.8℃.The theoretical detonation performances and mechanical sensitivities of NADFP were investigated.The measured density is 1.81 g·cm^(-3),the solid formation enthalpy is 827.1 kJ·mol^(-1),the calculated detonation velocity and pressure are 7968 m·s^(-1)and 36.0 GPa,respectively.The impact sensitivity is above 40 J,and the friction sensitivity is above 360 N.The overall performance of NADFP is obviously better than that of traditional heat-resistant explosive 2,2’,4,4’,6,6’-hexanitrostilbene.

关 键 词：耐热含能材料 双呋咱并吡嗪衍生物 晶体结构 热性能 爆轰性能 机械感度 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O62[理学—有机化学]