烤烟上部叶成熟过程中代谢组的差异分析  

Differential analysis of metabolome of upper flue-cured tobacco leaf during ripening process

作　　者：贾中林 郑庆霞[1] 戴华鑫[1] 张艳玲[1] 周会娜[1] 张仕祥[1] 周汉平[1] 梁太波[1] JIA Zhonglin;ZHENG Qingxia;DAI Huaxin;ZHANG Yanling;ZHOU Huina;ZHANG Shixiang;ZHOU Hanping;LIANG Taibo(Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,郑州450001

出　　处：《烟草科技》2023年第1期1-10,共10页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司河南省公司科技项目“基于吸食感官特性的河南烟叶质量影响因子分析”(2021410000240022);中国烟草总公司重庆市公司科技项目“基于工业需求的烤烟种植区划研究”[A20201NY01-1303(1)]。

摘　　要：为明确烤烟上部叶成熟过程中物质转化规律及代谢组的差异,利用GC-MS非靶向代谢组学方法并结合激素及色素等的测定对烟株打顶后20、30、40、50和60 d的上部叶代谢物进行分析。结果表明:上部烟叶成熟过程可分为3个阶段,分别为烟株打顶后20~30 d、40~50 d和60 d。随烟叶成熟进程的推进,叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量(质量分数)逐渐下降,在打顶后40 d时下降最为明显,游离氨基酸和总氮含量整体呈下降趋势,总植物碱和碳水化合物含量整体呈升高趋势,烟叶中促进生长类激素含量在打顶后40 d显著下降,促进成熟衰老类激素含量在打顶后40 d显著提高,打顶后40 d可能是上部烟叶成熟过程中生理功能由盛转衰的关键节点。通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析法(OPLS-DA)筛选出38种差异代谢物,主要是氨基酸类、糖类和脂肪酸类代谢物,其中4-氨基丁酸、果糖、阿洛糖、棕榈酸、亚麻酸、甘油酸、苹果酸、莨菪亭、奎尼酸等可能是上部烟叶成熟过程中较关键的代谢物。差异代谢物显著(p<0.05)富集在糖代谢、氨基酸代谢和脂肪酸代谢等通路中,其中乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢,不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成,TCA循环,丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢等通路在烟叶成熟过程中起重要的调控作用。To clarify the substance metabolism and the differences in metabolome of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco during ripening,the metabolites of upper leaves 20,30,40,50,60 days after topping were analyzed by GC-MS non-targeted metabonomics technique combined with determination of hormones and pigments.The results showed that the ripening process of upper leaves could be roughly divided into three stages,20-30 days,40-50 days and 60 days after topping.With the increase of leaf maturity,the contents(mass fractions)of chlorophyll and carotenoid decreased gradually,which were the most obvious on the 40th day after topping.The contents of free amino acids and total nitrogen presented a downward trend,and the change of total alkaloids and carbohydrates contents were upward generally.The contents of growth-promoting hormones in tobacco leaves decreased significantly,while those of senescence-promoting hormones increased significantly on the 40th day after topping.The 40th day after topping might be the key point when the physiological function of upper leaves changed from thriving to senescence.Through orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA),38differential metabolites were screened out,in which amino acids,carbohydrates and fatty acids,including 4-aminobutyric acid,fructose,allose,palmitic acid,linolenic acid,glyceric acid,malic acid,scopoletin,quinic acid,might be the key metabolites of upper leaves in the ripening process.The differential metabolites were significantly enriched(p<0.05)in the pathways of glucose metabolism,amino acid metabolism and fatty acid metabolism;among them,the pathways of glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids,TCA cycle,alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism played important regulating roles in tobacco leaf ripening.

关 键 词：上部烟叶 成熟 代谢组学 差异代谢物 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]