家庭承包制度改革:问题、取向与进路——基于产权强度、长度和广度的视角  

Reform of the Household Contract System: Issues, Orientation and Prospects: Based on the Assurance, Duration and Breadth of Property Rights

作　　者：郑淋议 刘琦 李丽莉 洪名勇[2] Zheng Linyi;Liu Qi;Li Lili;Hong Mingyong(China Academy for Rural Development,School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou;School of Public Administration,Hunan University,Changsha;Department of Land Economy,University of Cambridge,Cambridgeshire;College of Economics,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院 [2]浙江大学中国农村发展研究院 [3]浙江大学中国特色社会主义研究中心 [4]湖南大学公共管理学院 [5]剑桥大学土地经济学系 [6]杭州电子科技大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2022年第6期65-74,共10页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：浙江省新型智库研究项目“新型城镇化战略与乡村振兴战略双驱动体制机制研究”(项目编号:22ZK23YB);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“关于习近平新时代农村土地制度改革的重要论述研究”(项目编号:20221121)。

摘　　要：独特的家庭承包制度在改革开放以来的农村经济增长中发挥着不可替代的作用。然而,受制于改革开放前的路径依赖,家庭承包制度长期存在产权不明晰、不稳定和不完整问题。为此,农地产权制度改革沿着增强产权强度、延伸产权长度、拓展产权广度的路径演化,并呈现出法制化、长期化和市场化的改革取向。在二轮承包后期,农地产权制度改革需实现从产权界定到产权实施、从产权不稳到产权稳定、从产权残缺到产权完整的转变,重点做好建立土地信息数据库、开展延包试点和配置土地发展权等工作。进一步地,产权强度、长度和广度具有广泛的理论适用性,很有可能成为农地产权制度改革的新范式。文章认为,未来相关研究可着力于以下方面:从规范研究来看,主要包括农地产权制度的国际比较、“三块地”改革的深入推进以及使用权导向的农地产权制度改革;就实证研究而言,主要包括产权强度、长度和广度的专项研究以及产权安全性的综合研究。The unique household contract system has played an irreplaceable role in the rural economic growth since the reform and opening up policy was introduced in the late 1970s. However, subject to the path dependence of before reform and opening up, the household contract system has inherent problems of unclear, unstable and incomplete property rights. To address them, land tenure system reform evolves along the path of strengthening the assurance of property rights, extending the duration of property rights and expanding the breadth of property rights;and presents the reform orientation of legalization, long-termization and marketization. In the later stage of the second round of land contracting, the reform of the land tenure system should realize the transformation from the definition of property rights to the implementation of property rights, from the instability of property rights to the stability of property rights, from the incomplete property rights to the integrity of property rights;and should focus on the establishment of land information databases, carrying out the pilot extension of contract and allocation of land development rights. Furthermore, the assurance, duration and breadth of property rights have broad theoretical applicability, and are likely to become a new paradigm for the reform of the land tenure system. In the future, relevant research can be focused on the following areas: from the perspective of normative research, it mainly includes international comparison of land tenure systems, in-depth promotion of three plots reform and land tenure system reform oriented by the right of use;from the perspective of empirical research, it mainly includes the special research of assurance, duration and breadth of property rights, as well as the comprehensive research of tenure security.

关 键 词：家庭承包制度 产权强度 产权长度 产权广度 农地产权改革 

分 类 号：F301.1[经济管理—产业经济]