我国不同项目高水平运动员身体机能差异比较研究——以太原市为例  

Comparative Study on the Differences in Physical Function of High-Level Athletes in Different Sports Events in China——Taking Taiyuan City as an Example

作　　者：蔡壮 CAI Zhuang(College of Physical Education,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong,Shanxi Province,030619 China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院体育学院,山西晋中030600

出　　处：《当代体育科技》2022年第35期19-22,共4页Contemporary Sports Technology

摘　　要：通过了解不同运动项目运动员的身体机能、无氧运动能力、有氧运动能力、肺功能、基础体力、身体各部位骨密度等指标间的差异性,可以让运动员更加科学地、有针对性地进行训练。不同运动项目运动员的身体机能、有氧运动能力、无氧运动能力、呼吸系统机能、基础体力、骨密度等指标在统计学上都存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。建议通过数据测量,科学地量化和控制运动员的训练和饮食,保持特定项目运动员的最佳身体状态;针对性地制定不同项目之间有氧和无氧训练项目的比例,进行科学的定量化训练;定期科学测评运动员的基础体能,做到合理反馈,从而针对性地调整训练计划;科学地控制运动员饮食和生活作息,对骨密度相对薄弱的部位做强化训练,降低运动员在训练和比赛时受伤的概率。By understanding the differences between the physical function,anaerobic exercise ability,aerobic exercise ability,lung function,basic physical strength,bone density of various parts of the body and other indicators of athletes in different sports events,athletes can carry out targeted training more scientifically.There are statistically significant differences in physical function,aerobic and anaerobic exercise ability,respiratory system function,basic physical strength and bone mineral density of athletes in different sports events(P<0.05).Suggestions:scientifically quantify and control the training and diet of athletes through measured data to maintain the optimal body shape of athletes in specific sports events.Formulate the proportion of aerobic and anaerobic training items among different items to achieve scientific quantitative training.Regularly carry out scientific measurement and evaluation of athletes’ basic physical strength to achieve reasonable feedback,so as to adjust the training plan accordingly.Scientifically control the diet and living habits,and strengthen the training for the parts with relatively weak bone density to reduce the probability of injury of athletes during training and competition.

关 键 词：身体机能 有氧/无氧运动能力 肺机能 基础体力 骨密度 

分 类 号：G80-32[文化科学—运动人体科学]