南方红壤丘陵区公路路域生态脆弱性空间分异规律  

Spatial Variation of Highway Area Ecological Vulnerability in Red Soil Hilly Region of Southern China

作　　者：李春强 王琳[1,2,3] 刘智才 刘辉[1] 张冬珠 LI Chun-qiang;WANG Lin;LIU Zhi-cai;LIU Hui;ZHANG Dong-zhu(School of Environment and Resources,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou Fujian 350108,China;Institute of Remote Sensing Information Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou Fujian 350108,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Monitoring and Assessment of Soil Erosion and Disaster Prevention,Fuzhou Fujian 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学环境与资源学院,福建福州350108 [2]福州大学遥感信息工程研究所,福建福州350108 [3]福建省水土流失遥感监测评估与灾害防治重点实验室,福建福州350108

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2022年第12期224-230,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41701118,42071300)。

摘　　要：以往研究生态脆弱性多集中于宏观区域角度,而针对工程建设项目等微观尺度的生态脆弱性影响研究则较为少见。为了探究道路建设对路域生态环境的影响,以Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS遥感影像和DEM为数据源,以莆炎高速YA12段公路两侧1000 m路域为研究区,将定量化和空间化的理念引入南方红壤丘陵区公路建设项目尺度下的生态脆弱性研究,利用“缓冲区阶梯”探寻了公路建设活动对路域生态脆弱性影响的空间分异规律。结果表明:路域生态脆弱性程度与缓冲距离成反比,随着与公路距离的接近而逐渐增大,路域30 m缓冲范围内是受公路建设影响最强的区域,根据该缓冲范围内平均生态脆弱性指数相较于背景值的上升程度(仅升高0.293),可推断该标段的公路建设行为所引起的地表扰动对路域生态脆弱性的影响较为有限;公路两侧300 m缓冲区范围认定为路域生态环境重点保护区域,而针对路基、桥梁为主的建设形式则需要外延至360 m缓冲范围;隧道出入口建设对生态脆弱性的影响远大于隧道内部,因此隧道出入口也是公路建设期间及竣工之后的生态监控、生态重建的重点区域。研究可为高速公路等各类公路工程建设对生态环境影响的监测与评价提供帮助和参考。In the past,most of the studies on ecological vulnerability were focused on macro-regional perspectives,while the studies on the impacts of ecological vulnerability on micro scale such as engineering construction projects is relatively rare.In order to investigate the impact of road construction on the ecological environment of road area,taking Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS remote sensing image and DEM as data sources,taking the 1000 m road area on both sides of Putian-Yanling expressway YA12 section as the study area,the concept of quantification and spatialization is introduced into the ecological vulnerability study under the scale of highway construction project in the southern red soil hilly area,and the spatial differentiation rule of the impact of highway construction on the ecological vulnerability of the road area is explored by using“buffer gradation”.The result shows that(1)The ecological vulnerability degree of road area is inversely proportional to the buffer distance,which increases gradually with the approach to the road.The 30 m buffer range of road area is the area most affected by the road construction.According to the increase degree of the average EVI in the buffer range compared with the background value(only 0.293),it can be inferred that the impact of the surface disturbance caused by road construction in this section on the ecological vulnerability of the road area is relatively limited.(2)The 300 m buffer zone on both sides of the expressway is designated as the key ecological protection zone of the road area,while the construction form mainly for subgrade and bridge needs to extend to the 360 m buffer zone.(3)The impact of construction of tunnel entrance and exit on ecological vulnerability is far greater than that on tunnel interior,so tunnel entrance and exit are also a key areas for ecological monitoring and ecological reconstruction during and after road construction.The study can provide help and reference for monitoring and evaluation of the impact of expressway construction on the ecolog

关 键 词：环境工程 空间分异 遥感 缓冲区阶梯 生态脆弱性指数 

分 类 号：U412.1[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]