短枝型红富士芽变的生物学特性研究  

Study on the Biological Characteristics of Spur Red Fuji Bud Transformation

作　　者：吴泽珍 李文胜[1] 王安丽 胡真 周文静 张振军 WU Zezhen;LI Wensheng;WANG Anli;HU Zhen;ZHOU Wenjing;ZHANG Zhenjun(College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052;Aksu Prefecture Forestry Technology Promotion Center,Aksu,Xinjiang 843000)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]阿克苏地区林业技术推广中心,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第2期31-36,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范资助项目;新疆维吾尔自治区果树重点学科基金资助项目;新疆农业大学苹果国家良种基地资助项目。

摘　　要：以3个红富士芽变优系和2个红富士品种为试材,采用对比分析法,观测不同短枝型红富士芽变的物候期、坐果率等生物学特性,测定单果质量、可溶性糖和维生素C含量等果实品质,研究红富士芽变的生物学特性及果实品质的异同,评价芽变的综合性状,以期为优良芽变选育提供参考依据。结果表明:3个芽变与“长富2号”和“新红1号”开花、枝叶及坐果的物候期相对一致,生育期180~190 d,营养生长期210~220 d;芽变“N-1”的花序和花朵坐果率分别为82.94%和58.15%,比“长富2号”高26.76%和40.90%;“N-1”的可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、还原糖含量和糖酸比明显高于“长富2号”,“N-1”维生素C含量为2.79 mg·(100g)^(-1),高于“长富2号”,但低于“新红1号”。综上,“N-1”具有坐果率高、产量高和果实色泽鲜艳等特点,是综合性状较优的芽变。Taking 3Red Fuji Bud variations and 2Red Fuji varieties as test materials,the comparative analysis method was used to observe the biological characteristics such as phenology and fruit setting rate of different short-branched Red Fuji bud variations,and to measure the single fruit weight,soluble sugar and vitamin C content.The biological characteristics and fruit quality similarities and differences of Red Fuji bud change were studied,the comprehensive traits of bud change were evaluated,in order to provide reference for the selection and breeding of good bud changes.The results showed that the phenological periods of the three bud changes were relatively consistent with those of‘Nagafu No.2’and‘Xinhong No.1’in terms of flowering,branches,leaves and fruit setting.The growth period was180-190days,and the vegetative growth period was 210-220days.The inflorescence and flower fruit setting rates of bud‘N-1’were 82.94%and 58.15%respectively,26.76%and 40.90%higher than‘Nagafu No.2’;the soluble solids,soluble sugar,reducing sugar sugar-acid ratio of‘N-1’were significantly higher than‘Nagafu No.2’,and the vitamin C content of‘N-1’was2.79mg·(100g)-1,which was higher than‘Nagafu No.2’,but lower than‘Xinhong No.1’.In summary,‘N-1’had the characteristics of high fruit setting rate,high yield and bright fruit color,and was a bud variant with better comprehensive traits.

关 键 词：短枝型 红富士 芽变 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]