海藻复合物水溶肥对苹果生长和果实品质的影响  

Effects of Seaweed Compound Water-soluble Fertilizer on Apple Growth and Fruit Quality

作　　者：于会丽[1] 谢宁 徐国益 邵微[1,2] 司鹏 YU Huili;XIE Ning;XU Guoyi;SHAO Wei;SI Peng(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou,Henan 450009;College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,河南郑州450009 [2]河南农业大学林学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第2期37-42,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：新疆兵团重大科技资助项目(2019AA004);河南省科技攻关资助项目(202102110195)。

摘　　要：以苹果品种‘长富2号’为试材,在苹果生长前期施入不同用量的海藻复合物水溶肥,以常规施肥为对照(CK),研究了不同用量的海藻复合物水溶肥对苹果单果质量、秋梢长度、果实品质和色泽的影响,以期为苹果合理施肥提供参考依据。结果表明:海藻复合物水溶肥处理较CK能显著增加秋梢长度,其中,HT6处理的秋梢长度最长,较CK显著增加28.56%,且同一时期施肥条件下,高用量海藻复合物水溶肥处理(T2、T4、T6)的秋梢长度均高于其低用量海藻复合物水溶肥处理(T1、T3、T5);同时,海藻复合物水溶肥处理降低了可滴定酸含量,提高了固酸比,其中,HT6处理的可滴定酸含量较CK显著降低40.74%,固酸比显著增加70.86%;在果实色泽方面,HT6处理的果实亮度和色泽饱和度均优于其它处理,且HT6处理色泽饱和度显著高于CK;主成分分析表明,HT6处理综合得分最高,排名第一。综上所述,HT6处理对促进秋梢增长、提高果实品质和色泽的综合效果最好。‘Changfu 2’apple was used as the materials,and the different dosages of seaweed compound water-soluble fertilizer were applied in the early stage of apple,conventional fertilizer was used as the control(CK).The effects of different dosages of seaweed compound water-soluble fertilizer on apple single fruit weight,autumn shoot length,fruit quality and fruit color were studied,in order to provide reference for rational fertilization of apples.The results showed that the treatment of seaweed compound water soluble fertilizer could significantly increase the length of autumn shoot compared with CK.The autumn shoot length of HT6 treatment was the longest,which was significantly increased by 28.56%compared with CK.Under the same period of fertilization condition,the autumn shoot length of high dosage of seaweed compound water-soluble fertilizer treatmnet(HT2,HT4,HT6)were higher than the low dosage of seaweed compound water-soluble fertilizer(HT1,HT3,HT5).Compared with CK,the titratable acid of HT6 treatment was significantly reduced by 40.74%and the solid-acid ratio was significantly increased by 70.86%.In terms of fruit color,the fruit brightness and color saturation of HT6 treatment were better than other treatments,which the color saturation of HT6 treatmnet was significantly higher than that of CK.Principal component analysis was carried out and the comprehensive score of HT6 treatment was the highest and ranked first.Comprehensive analysis showed that the treatment of HT6 had the best comprehensive effect on promoting the growth of autumn shoots and improving fruit quality and color.

关 键 词：苹果 海藻复合物水溶肥 秋梢长度 果实品质 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]