外源钙对蜜橘抗日灼生理病害的分子与生理机制研究  

Molecular and Physiological Mechanism of Resisting Physiological Disease-sunburn in Tangerine with Exogenous Calcium Treatment

作　　者：高志键 李春侠 周秋蓉 李江波 李延[3] 王平 GAO Zhijian;LI Chunxia;ZHOU Qiurong;LI Jiangbo;LI Yan;WANG Ping(Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants,College of Horticulture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fuzhou Nanfeng Citrus Research Institute,Fuzhou,Jiangxi 344100,China;College of Resources and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园艺学院,园艺植物遗传育种研究所,福州350002 [2]抚州市南丰柑桔研究所,江西抚州344100 [3]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福州350002

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2023年第1期97-105,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系专项(CARS-26)。

摘　　要：该研究以‘南丰蜜橘’为试验材料,于高温来临前期(6月份)在果实表面喷施0.14 g/L螯合钙为钙处理,以喷施清水为对照,测定果皮相关基因表达水平和抗氧化酶活性以及活性氧含量变化,探究钙对‘南丰蜜橘’果皮在日灼发生期间的钙信号转导途径相关基因调节抗氧化系统基因的表达特征,以揭示外源钙减轻蜜橘日灼生理病害的分子与生理机制,为实际生产中喷施螯合钙防控蜜橘日灼生理病害提供理论依据。结果显示:(1)经钙处理后‘南丰蜜橘’果实的日灼发生率较对照显著降低了13.76%。(2)实时荧光定量PCR发现,钙处理显著提高‘南丰蜜橘’钙信号转导途径相关基因(CsNADK、CsMPK 8、CsCPK、CsRBOH、CsCAMK 1、CsGAD),以及抗氧化酶相关基因(CsSOD、CsCAT、CsPOD、CsAPX、CsGSR、CsGPX)在果皮中的相对表达量。(3)钙处理可显著提高‘南丰蜜橘’果皮抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT、POD、APX、GR、GPX)活性,并显著降低O^(-·)_(2)、H_(2)O_(2)和MDA的含量。(4)荧光染色发现,在7-10月高温和强直射光胁迫期,果皮细胞产生了过量的ROS绿色荧光,且随胁迫时间的延长荧光不断漫延积累,但钙处理的ROS荧光强度均显著弱于对照。研究表明,喷施螯合钙处理可通过增强蜜橘果皮钙信号转导途径相关基因的表达,调控抗氧化系统基因表达以及抗氧化酶活性,清除过量的ROS,维持果皮细胞ROS代谢平衡,从而提升蜜橘果皮的抗日灼能力;生产中于高温来临前期在果实表面喷施螯合钙,是一种简便有效的预防蜜橘日灼病害的技术措施。‘Nanfeng tangerine’was used as the experimental material in this study.The fruits sprayed with 0.14 g/L chelating calcium on the fruit surface before high temperature coming(June)as calcium treatment,and the fruits sprayed with water were the control.The calcium signal transduction and antioxidant enzyme gene expression levels,antioxidant enzyme activities and reactive oxygen species(ROS)contents were determined.In addition,the gene expression characteristics of antioxidant enzymes regulated by the genes of calcium signal transduction pathway in‘Nanfeng tangerine’peels during the sunburn occurrence period with calcium treatment were analyzed to reveal the molecular and physiological mechanism of calcium alleviating the tangerine sunburn disease,and to provide a theoretical basis for preventing and reducing sunburn physiological disease of tangerine in the fruit production by spraying chelating calcium.The results showed that:(1)the incidence of sunburn in‘Nanfeng tangerine’fruits treated with calcium was significantly lower than that of the control,which decreased by 13.76%.(2)The results of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR revealed that the expressions of calcium signaling pathway-related genes CsNADK,CsMPK 8,CsCPK,CsRBOH,CsCAMK 1 and CsGAD,and antioxidant genes CsSOD,CsCAT,CsPOD,CsAPX,CsGSR and CsGPX in the‘Nanfeng tangerine’peels were significantly up-regulated by calcium treatment.(3)The activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD,CAT,POD,APX,GR and GPX were significantly increased,and the contents of O^(-·)_(2),H_(2)O_(2)and MDA were significantly reduced in‘Nanfeng tangerine’peels by calcium treatment.(4)Fluorescence staining results revealed that the peel cells produced excessive green fluorescence of ROS,and the fluorescence accumulated diffusely with the duration of stress,while the ROS fluorescence intensity was significantly weaker in all calcium treatments than that in the control during the period of high temperature and intense direct light stress from July to October.These res

关 键 词：南丰蜜橘 日灼 钙信号转导 抗氧化基因 抗氧化酶 ROS代谢平衡 

分 类 号：Q789[生物学—分子生物学] Q945.78[农业科学—果树学] S666.2[农业科学—园艺学]