基于能值分析的流域生态系统服务功能价值评估——以东江流域为例  

Valuation of River Basin Ecosystem Services Based on Emergy Analysis:A Case Study of Dongjiang River Basin

作　　者：杨婷 张代青[1] 沈春颖[1] 马森 宋玲 李想 YANG Ting;ZHANG Dai-qing;SHEN Chun-ying;MA Sen;SONG Ling;LI Xiang(Kunming University of Science and Technology,Faculty of Electric Power Engineering,Kunming 650500,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2023年第1期9-15,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51469009);云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2020J0056)。

摘　　要：已有的流域生态系统研究大多应用直接市场法、替代市场法和模拟市场法等方法,从经济学角度以货币价值量估算其服务价值。由于能量最终来源于太阳能,其结构形成、特征功能、生态效应和服务价值等均受制于生态系统对太阳能的吸收,现有方法并不能实现各物质间太阳能的相互转化,也不能进行不同类别服务功能的相互比较,采用能值分析方法能更客观、合理、准确地评价流域生态系统的服务价值。从分析流域生态系统的能量来源、物质循环、结构形成、生态效应、服务功能和消费者干预等综合特征出发,分为淡水供给、物质生产、生态调节、生态支持和文化娱乐共5个一级类型和15个二级类型,应用能值分析技术构建流域生态系统服务功能的价值评价体系及计算模型,并以东江流域为案例,客观定量评价其服务价值。结果表明,东江流域生态系统服务功能的能值货币中,淡水供给为243.72×10^(8)元/a,物质生产为42.99×10^(8)元/a,生态调节为315.25×10^(8)元/a,生态支持为247.35×10^(8)元/a,文化娱乐为4.46×10^(8)元/a,总能值价值为853.77×108元/a。各类服务功能的能值货币大小排序为:生态调节>生态支持>淡水供给>物质生产>文化娱乐,生态服务功能主要表现为生态调节、生态支持和淡水供给,此3项服务功能价值占总价值的94.44%。研究结果可为促进流域生态系统健康发展提供技术支持。The evaluation of watershed ecosystem services has significant meaning for the maintenance of watershed ecosystem health, reasonable exploration, and efficient usage of water resources. Previous research shows that the value of watershed ecosystem services was most often estimated using methods such as the direct market method, alternative market method, and simulated market method from an economic perspective and in terms of monetary value. Since the energy of the watershed ecosystem ultimately comes from solar energy, its structure formation, characteristic functions, ecological effects,and service value are all subject to absorption of solar energy by the ecosystem. The existing methods cannot achieve the mutual conversion of solar energy between various substances or the mutual comparison of different types of service functions. The use of emergy analysis to evaluate the service value of a river basin ecosystem is more objective, rational and accurate. In this study, the Dongjiang River system was selected for study and we comprehensively analyzed and quantitatively evaluated the value of services provided by the Dongjiang River ecosystem using a constructed value evaluation system and calculation model based on emergy analysis. The aim was to develop an improved method for evaluating ecosystem services and provide techniques for improving ecosystem health. Dongjiang River is one of the three river systems in the Zhujiang River basin, with a stem length of 562 km. The study was based on the data for the Dongjiang River basin in 2015. Construction of the evaluation system was based on a comprehensive analysis of energy sources, material circulation, structure formation, ecological effects, service functions and consumer interventions of the Dongjiang watershed. The evaluation system consisted of 15 indices from 5 groups, including freshwater supply, material production, ecological regulation, ecological support and cultural resources. Results show that the annual values of freshwater, materials, ecological reg

关 键 词：能值理论 流域生态系统 服务功能 东江流域 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]