三峡库区支流磨刀溪产粘沉性卵鱼类早期资源现状  

Status of Early Stage Resources of Fish with Sticky and Demersal Eggs in Modaoxi River,a Tributary of the Three Gorges Reservoir

作　　者：朱其广 张琪 杨志[1] 唐会元[1] 陈小娟[1] ZHU Qi-guang;ZHANG Qi;YANG Zhi;TANG Hui-yuan;CHEN Xiao-juan(Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources,Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430079,P.R.China;Institute of Chinese Sturgeon Research,China Three Gorges Project Corporation,Yichang 443100,P.R.China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes,Yichang 443100,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,湖北武汉430079 [2]中国长江三峡集团有限公司中华鲟研究所,湖北宜昌443100 [3]三峡工程鱼类资源保护湖北省重点实验室,湖北宜昌443100

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2023年第1期101-107,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：中国长江三峡集团有限公司“三峡库区典型支流产粘沉性卵鱼类资源及自然繁殖现状调查”项目(合同号SXSN14576)。

摘　　要：研究磨刀溪回水区的鱼类早期资源,可为三峡库区重要生境、水生生物多样性保护提供科学依据。2019年的4-6月,在三峡库区支流磨刀溪回水区江段(新津乡-龙角镇)开展鱼类资源监测,以了解该区域鱼类早期资源种类组成、仔稚鱼密度的时间动态以及与环境因子的关系。结果表明,采集到7种产粘沉性卵鱼类的鱼苗中,以贝氏?(Hemiculter bleekeri)、鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、鲫(Carassius auratus)为主;密度高峰期集中在4月下旬至5月中旬。磨刀溪新津口至龙角镇江段共分布有鲤、鲫集中产卵场4处。冗余分析(RDA)表明,饵料丰度、溶解氧和pH是影响鱼苗分布的主要因素。磨刀溪变动回水区江段是粘沉性鱼类产卵场的分布区域,三峡水库4-6月水位的快速消落,很可能导致鲤、鲫等产粘沉性卵鱼类资源的损失。建议通过实施生态调度减小水位日变幅或在回水区放置人工鱼巢、恢复水生植被来减缓其影响。In this study,we investigated early stage fish resources in the water fluctuation zone of Modaoxi River,a typical tributary of Three Gorges Reservoir,focusing on species composition,temporal dynamics of larval and juvenile density and their relationship with environmental factors.Earlystage resource monitoring was conducted from Xinjin to Longjiao from late April to June of 2019,and environmental parameters,including water temperature,dissolved oxygen,pH and water depth were measured synchronously.The aim was to assess the status of early stage fish resources in Modaoxi River and provide scientific evidence for habitat and fish species diversity protection in Three Gorges Reservoir.Among the total of 10 fish species collected,there were 7 fish species with sticky and demersal eggs,dominated by Hemiculter bleekeri,Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus.The density of larval and juvenile fish peaked from late April to mid-June.A total of 4 spawning grounds were found in the river section between Xinjin and Longjiao.Redundancy analysis shows that food availability,dissolved oxygen and pH were the critical factors affecting fish fry distribution.The water fluctuation zone in Modaoxi River is the primary area of spawning grounds for important economic fish species.The rapid decrease in water level in Three Gorges Reservoir from April to June is likely the key factor causing the loss of fishes with sticky and demersal eggs(C.carpio,C.auratus).To mitigate the impact,we suggest carrying out ecological regulation to reduce the daily variation range of water level,placing artificial nests and restoring aquatic vegetation in the backwater area of Three Gorges Reservoir.

关 键 词：粘沉性卵 鱼类资源 回水区 三峡库区 磨刀溪 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学]