马克思早期思想转变的方法论完成  

The Methodological Completion of Marx’s Early Thought Change

作　　者：梁春艳 阎孟伟 LIANG Chunyan;YAN Mengwei

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《理论与现代化》2023年第1期96-104,共9页Theory and Modernization

摘　　要：学界公认,1845年马克思、恩格斯合著的《德意志意识形态》标志着历史唯物主义学说的创立,同时也标志着马克思思想转变的完成,这个完成既是思想理论上的,也是方法论上的,即马克思在思想转变过程中,逐渐地摆脱了黑格尔思辨哲学从抽象概念出发构造思想体系的方法,吸纳了经验的、实证的方法考察社会历史,从而最终能够从人们现实的物质生产活动中发现人类社会及其历史发展的本质和规律。可以说,采纳经验的、实证的方法对于马克思的思想转变来说是极为关键的。没有这个方法,就不可能洞察以黑格尔为代表的思辨哲学从抽象概念出发来构造社会历史的性质,也不能发现抽象的经验主义的局限性,从而也就不能完成与唯心主义和旧唯物主义的彻底决裂。It is commonly recognized in academia that in 1845 Marx and Engels’ German Ideology marked the founding of the theory of historical materialism, and meanwhile, the completion of the change of Marx’s thought. The completion is not only in the theoretical sense, but also methodological;that is to say, in the process of his thought change, Marx gradually gets rid of Hegel’s methodology of constructing the ideological system from abstract concepts in his speculative philosophy, and absorbs the empirical and positivistic methods to investigate society and history, and thus can finally discover the essence and law of human society and its historical development from human beings’ realistic material production. It can be said that adopting empirical and positivistic methods is extremely crucial for Marx’s thought change. Without the methodology, it is impossible to gain insight into the nature of the speculative philosophy represented by Hegel to construct social history from abstract concepts, nor to discover the limitations of abstract empiricism, and thus to complete the break from idealism and old materialism.

关 键 词：马克思早期思想 实证的研究方法 思辨哲学的方法 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]