超强激光与固体靶作用驱动量子电动力学级联和稠密正电子产生的研究进展  

Research progress of quantum electrodynamics cascade and dense positron production driven by interaction between extremely intense lasers and solid targets

作　　者：黄海荣 张亮琪 刘维媛 余同普[2] 罗文[1] Huang Hairong;Zhang Liangqi;Liu Weiyuan;Yu Tongpu;Luo Wen(School of Nuclear Science and Technology,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China;College of Science,National of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas of Ministry of Education,School of Physics and Astronomy,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学核科学技术学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]国防科技大学理学院,长沙410073 [3]上海交通大学物理与天文学院,激光等离子体教育部重点实验室,上海200240 [4]上海交通大学,IFSA协同创新中心,上海200240

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2023年第1期46-56,共11页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11675075)。

摘　　要：极端超短超强激光脉冲的诞生将光与物质的相互作用推进到由辐射阻尼效应和量子电动力学(QED)效应占主导的高度非线性物理范畴。强场QED效应蕴含了丰富的物理过程包括辐射阻尼、高能伽马辐射、正负电子对产生、QED级联、真空极化等,是高能量密度物理和强场物理研究领域的前沿热点。QED级联是解释致密天体辐射和伽马射线暴形成的重要物理机制,其产生的稠密正电子源在高能物理、材料无损探测、癌症诊断等领域亦有重要的应用前景。介绍了QED级联过程及其理论模型,讨论了固体靶中的QED级联发展及其诱导的非线性物理效应,并回顾了固体靶中稠密正电子产生的主要研究成果。With the advent of ultra-short ultra-intense laser pulses, the interaction between light and matter enters the nonlinear physics regime dominated by radiation damping and quantum electrodynamics(QED) effects. The strong-field QED effects contain a wealth of physical processes, including radiation damping effect, high-energy gamma radiation, electron-positron pairs generation, QED cascade, vacuum polarization, and so on. These effects are frontiers and hot topics in high energy density physics and strong field physics. Among them, QED cascade is an important mechanism, which can explain the formation of the ultra-dense radiation in the cosmos and the gamma-ray burst, and the resulting dense positron source has important application prospects in high-energy physics,nondestructive assay of materials, and cancer diagnosis. In this paper, the cascading process of QED and the theoretical model are introduced, then the QED cascade development in solid targets and the resulting nonlinear physical effects are discussed. Finally, the main research results of dense positron generation in solid targets are reviewed.

关 键 词：强场量子电动力学效应 超强激光与固体靶作用 级联发展 稠密正电子产生 分析模型 

分 类 号：O539[理学—等离子体物理] O413.2[理学—物理]