明末同善会流播考  

A Study of the Spread of Tongshan Association in the Late Ming Dynasty

作　　者：曾桂林[1] Zeng Guilin(Philanthropy Research Institution and College of History and Culture,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学历史文化学院暨慈善公益研究院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《东方论坛（青岛大学学报）》2023年第1期97-110,共14页Eastern Forum（JOURNAL OF QINGDAO UNIVERSITY）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“明清时期的同善会研究”(12CZS048)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：明末同善会在中国慈善史上具有十分重要的地位与极其深远的意义。由于高攀龙、陈龙正的倡行,同善会首先在江南地区流布开来,万历、崇祯年间苏州府吴县、昆山及太仓州先后由地方官绅创设此会,并频施善举。尔后,夏允彝出任长乐县知县,亦将同善会由江南地区传衍、移植至福建,拟订《同善会议》,“与保甲相翼而行”。与此同时,南北诸省有些世家大族,如无锡华氏、吴江叶氏、太仓王氏及山东曹县武氏、乐安孙氏等,皆曾倡行同善会,赡贫族,赈饥民,以化民成俗,维系地方社会安宁。明末同善会的流播,可谓“千古善事只是一道同风”,从中也映照出明清鼎革之际士人经世济民取向的一个侧影。Tongshan Association in the late Ming Dynasty has an extremely important position and far-reaching influence in the history of Chinese philanthropy.Due to the advocacy of Gao Panlong and Chen Longzheng,Tongshan Association frst grew in the southern region of the Yangtze River.During the reigns of Wanli and Chongzhen,local offcials and gentry established the association in counties of Wu,Kunshan and Taicang in the Prefecture of Suzhou,and frequently did good deeds.Later,Xia Yunyi served as the magistrate of Changle County,and transferred Tongshan Association from the southern region of the Yangtze River to Fujian Province.He drafted A Discussion on Tongshan Association and hoped to"go hand and hand with Baojia".At the same time,some aristocratic families in the northern and southern provinces,such as the Hua Clan in Wuxi,the Ye Clan in Wujiang,the Wang Clan in Taicang in Jiangsu Province,and the Wu Clan in Cao County and the Sun Clan in Le’an in Shandong Province,all advocated Tongshan Association to support the poor and relieve hunger so as to infuence people and form customs and maintain the peace of the local society.The spread of Tongshan Association in late Ming Dynasty can be described as"good deeds as good custom through the ages",which also refects an aspect of the scholars’orientation of managing the society and helping the people during the Ming and Qing dynasties.

关 键 词：明末 同善会 慈善 夏允彝 世家大族 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] D691[历史地理—中国史]