针对公司提起的气候诉讼:历史演进与未来趋势  

If at First You Don’t Succeed:Suing Corporations for Climate Change

作　　者：   马亮 连佑敏 区树添(译) Geetanjali Ganguly;Joana Setzer;Veerle Heyvaert

机构地区：[1]伦敦政治经济学院法律系 [2]格兰瑟姆气候变化与环境研究所 [3]中央司法警官学院法学院,河北保定071000 [4]武汉大学环境法研究所,湖北武汉430072 [5]苏州大学王健法学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《湖湘法学评论》2023年第1期143-160,共18页HUXIANG LAW REVIEW

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目:公私法协动视野下生态环境损害救济机制体系化研究(21CFX076);中央司法警官学院博士科研启动经费专项项目:环境法典编纂中财产权保障研究(BSQDW202131)。

摘　　要：基于私人气候诉讼的历史和前景,该诉讼旨在要求私人主体承担对与气候变化相关的损害或损害威胁的法律责任。在消除诉讼资格、损害证明和因果关系等此类司法门槛的尝试失败后,新的私人气候诉讼的浪潮正在袭来,而这次绝不会注定失败。这是因为气候变化诉讼的科学、对话和法制背景正在迅速演进,法官可以借此重新审视对现行法律规定和证据规则的解释,以适应强化追究主要私人碳排放者法律责任的需要。此外,即便是未能胜诉的案件,也有助于进一步明确气候变化作为一种法律和财务风险,从长远来看,能给应对气候变化案件的诉讼审理提供指导。This article discusses the history and the future prospects of private climate litigation,which seeks to hold private entities legally accountable for climate change-related damage or threats of damage.It argues that,following failed attempts to clear judicial thresholds with regard to standing,proof of harm and causation,a new wave of private climate change lawsuits can be identified,and it is by no means doomed to failure.This is because climate change litigation takes place in a rapidly evolving scientific,discursive and constitutional context,which generates new opportunities for judges to rethink the interpretation of existing legal and evidentiary requirements and apply them in a way that will enhance the accountability of major private carbon producers.Moreover,even unsuccessful cases can contribute to articulating climate change as a legal and financial risk,which may help to guide climate change-responsive adjudication in the longer term.

关 键 词：私人气候诉讼 碳排放巨头 司法干预 气候变化因果关系 企业责任 气候风险披露 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]