利用增强现实技术提高铁路运输装备故障诊断和维修效率  

Use of Augmented Reality to Improve Efficiency of Fault Diagnosis and Maintenance

作　　者：    李立东(翻译) 苏小珂(翻译) 

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《智慧轨道交通》2023年第1期86-90,共5页SMART RAIL TRANSIT

摘　　要：在重载运输领域,维修的安全性、效率和成本等方面面临诸多挑战。由于现在的机械和电气系统更加复杂,对更长寿命周期的需求增加,维修记录和说明在地理空间上呈分散状态,故上述挑战日趋增加。增强现实技术(AR)正成为严苛环境下为维修人员提供支持的理想工具。典型的增强现实技术系统通过交互界面将真实和虚拟对象连接在一起。本文介绍了为辅助重载运输装备维修而开发的基于增强现实技术的人机界面(HMI),模型包括三大件式重载货车转向架和矿石试验车状态监测系统的增强现实维护。增强现实技术系统自动识别对象(转向架部件),为维修人员提供了历史运用记录和维修安全工作说明书。为矿石试验车开发的增强现实模型概述了状态监测系统的布置和步进式故障诊断方法。运用实践表明;通过提供按需信息和取消纸质手册,可以提高现场工作效率;系统中显示的信息易于修改;可以推广到其他重载运输设备及其相应的运行需求。Maintenance in heavy haul environments have numerous challenges pertaining to safety,efficiency and costs.These challenges are further exaggerated due to the increased complexity of modern mechanical and electrical systems,demands for longer life cycle,geospatial dispersion of the maintenance records and instructions.Recent advances in Augmented Reality(AR),make it an ideal tool for providing support to maintainers in harsh environment operations to mitigate these challenges.Typical AR systems combine an interactive interface between real and virtual objects.This paper presents the development of a Human-Machine Interface(HMI)based on AR to assist in the maintenance of heavy haul assets.An AR maintenance model was developed for a 3-piece heavy haul bogie and for an Instrumented Ore Car(IOC)condition monitoring system.The AR system automatically identifies the asset(bogie components)and overlays service history records for the maintainer and safe working instructions for repairs.The AR model developed for the IOC outlines the layout of the condition monitoring system and provides a step-by-step approach for fault diagnosis.This has shown to increase efficiency on site by providing on-demand information and eliminating hardcopy manuals.The information presented on the tool can be modified easily to suit different heavy haul assets and organizational operational requirements.

关 键 词：重载运输 增强现实技术 人机界面 故障诊断 维修 

分 类 号：U279.3[机械工程—车辆工程]