14起新冠肺炎聚集性疫情处置情况分析  

Analysis on the disposal situation of 14 cases of clustering COVID-19

作　　者：董佩[1] 杨玉洁[1] 孟月莉 武孟君 谢鹏 都率 邱五七[1] 毛阿燕[1] DONG Pei;YANG Yujie;MENG Yueli;WU Mengjun;XIE Peng;DU Shuai;QIU Wuqi;MAO Ayan(Institute of Medical Information,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100020,China;School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院医学信息研究所,北京100020 [2]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2023年第2期79-82,共4页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：北京协和医学院教育基金会项目-我国新冠肺炎聚集性疫情处置效果回顾性评价、我国新冠肺炎聚集性疫情处置效果评价指标体系构建研究、聚集性疫情处置效果评价要点与逻辑模型分析。

摘　　要：[目的]分析典型聚集性疫情处置情况,为今后疫情的有效防控提供参考。[方法]收集2020年4月1日-2021年8月31日,14个省/自治区/直辖市发生的首起典型聚集性疫情处置情况数据,应用Excel 2010软件建立数据库,使用SPSS 19.0对疫情现况、处置过程和处置结果进行描述性分析,对疫情持续时间与所处省份/直辖市的经济水平、人口规模和卫生资源进行相关性分析。[结果]14起新冠肺炎聚集性疫情中,8起发生在2020年,6起发生在2021年;从疫情发生地来看,10起发生在居住场所;10起疫情来源主要为境外输入病例/物品;首发病例发现途径主要为重点人群核酸筛查和医疗机构监测报告。57.1%(8/14)的聚集性疫情区域核酸检测范围为市及以上,57.1%(8/14)的聚集性疫情调用了外省资源。聚集性疫情持续时间均值为(21±10.13)d,波及范围跨省的有4起(28.6%);管控人群中发现的感染者比例为96.9%,其中有6起聚集性疫情的感染者全部来自管控人群。[结论]境外输入病例/物品仍是聚集性疫情需重点关注的主要传播源;疫情发现途径以医疗机构监测和重点人群核酸筛查为主;绝大多数感染者在管控人群中发现,但社会面筛查出的感染者仍占有一定比例。Objective To analyze the disposal situation of typical clustering epidemics of COVID-19,so as to provide reference for effective prevention and control of the epidemics in the future. Methods The data on the disposal of the first typical clustering epidemic in 14 provinces/autonomous region/municipalities from 1 April 2020 to 31 August 2021 were collected. Excel 2010 software was used to establish a database. SPSS19.0 was used to descriptively analyze the epidemic status, disposal process and disposal results, to cooduct the correlation analysis between the duration of the epidemic and the economic level, population size and health resources of the provinces and municipalities. Results Among the 14 clustering epidemics of COVID-19,8 cases occurred in 2020 and 6 cases occurred in 2021. From the location of the outbreak, 10 cases occurred in residential areas;the source of 10 cases was mainly imported cases/goods. The first-episode case was mainly detected by nucleic acid screening of key population and monitoring report of medical institutions. The range of nucleic acid detection areas of the 57.1%(8/14)aggregated epidemics was above the city level, and 57.1%(8/14)clustering epidemics used the resources of other provinces. The average duration of clustering epidemics was(21±10.13)d, and 4 cases(28.6%)affected across provinces. The proportion of infected people found in the control group was 96.9%,among which 6 clusters of infected people were all from the control group. Conclusions Imported cases/goods are still the main source of transmission in clustered outbreak. The detection of the epidemic is mainly through monitoring in medical institutions and nucleic acid screening in key populations. Most of the infected people are found in the control group, but social screening still accounts for a certain proportion of infected people.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎 聚集性疫情 处置情况 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]