面向数值同化应用的L波段秒级探空资料的质量控制方法研究  

Research on a Quality Control Method for L Band Second-Level Radiosonde toward Assimilation Applications

作　　者：王丹 王金成[1,2] 田伟红 WANG Dan;WANG Jincheng;TIAN Weihong(Center for Earth System Modeling and Prediction of CMA,Beijing 100081,China;National Metrological Center of CMA,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局地球系统数值预报中心,北京100081 [2]国家气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《高原气象》2022年第6期1615-1629,共15页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1506205,2017YFC1502102);中国气象局数值预报(GRAPES)发展专项(GRAPES-FZZX-2020)。

摘　　要：世界气象组织于2003年提出探空报文格式改革,推动探空资料从传统报文转向二进制秒级存储,这一举措促使秒级探空资料在数值预报模式中的应用成为未来的发展趋势。资料的质量控制是同化应用前极为重要的基础性工作,L波段秒级探空观测误差特点与传统常规探空显著不同,因此,本文发展了面向同化应用的L波段秒级探空资料的两步质量控制方法。第一步质控在集成常规探空质量控制方法的基础上,针对秒级探空的资料特性增加对应检查步骤,旨在尽可能剔除人为观测误差;第二步质控在同化系统中引入动态黑名单检查模块,同时借助同化系统自带的背景场检查来剔除观测和背景间偏离较大的资料,目的在于控制观测的代表性偏差。本文通过对比和分析质量控制前后观测样本的统计特征,并结合数值模式的实际同化分析结果,综合论证了两步质量控制方案的合理性:两步质控后资料异常大幅减少,观测背景差更接近高斯分布,资料的同化适用性更强,同化应用效果更优。本文的研究工作为今后L波段秒级探空资料在GRAPES(Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System)模式中的实现业务应用奠定了基础。Since 2003,the World Meteorological Organization(WMO)proposed and coordinated a switch from traditional radiosonde format(TAC code)to second-resolution binary(BUFR)report,which leads the assimilation of second radiosonde data in numerical prediction model becoming the future trend. Data quality control is a key and basic work before assimilation application. In addition,the observational error characteristics of Lband second-level radiosonde are significantly different from that of conventional radiosonde. Therefore,a two-step quality control method for assimilation application is developed in this paper. The first step integrates conventional radiosonde quality control procedures and inserts several additional steps according to the data characteristics of second-level radiosonde,which aims at eliminating human-observation errors as much as possible. The second step introduces a dynamic blacklist checking module into the assimilation system,at the same time remaining the old OMB(observation minus background)check method,so as to control the representative deviation between the observation and the model background. By comparing and analyzing the statistical characteristics of the observation samples before and after the quality control procedure,and combining them with the actual assimilation analysis results of the NWP model,the rationality of the two-step quality control procedure has been comprehensively verified. It reveals that the data anomaly is greatly reduced after the two-step quality control procedure,at the same time the OMB is closer to a Gaussian distribution. Moreover,the validity of data assimilation is enhanced leading to a better assimilation analysis effect. The work lays a foundation for the future operational application of L-band second-level radiosonde data in GRAPES(Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System)model.

关 键 词：L波段秒级探空 质量控制 GRAPES模式 同化应用 

分 类 号：P456.7[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]