系统论视阈下日本学校危机管理体系研究  

Study on Japanese School Crisis Management System from the Perspective of System Theory

作　　者：王巍[1] WANG Wei(Department of International Politics,Jilin University,Changchun 130015,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学国际政治系,长春130015

出　　处：《比较教育学报》2023年第1期62-75,共14页Journal of Comparative Education

摘　　要：学校安全是社会安全的一部分,日本构建了独具特色的学校危机管理体系。通过对日本学校危机管理体系的系统论分析可以发现理念、责任、机制与空间系统要素的独特构成和关联逻辑。最大限度规避不确定性,实现师生共同安全是危机管理理念要素的核心;学校责任和行政管理部门责任是责任框架要素的核心,协同性、人文关怀、他人本位评价、透明性是责任框架要素的主要特点;合作、人本、交互、公开是责任框架要素的价值表征;危机管理硬件与危机管理软件是运行机制要素的核心;物理空间与社会空间、文化空间是空间生产网络要素的核心。其中,理念可视化逻辑、责任实践化逻辑、制度空间化逻辑推动着理念、责任、机制与空间系统要素的“生产性”转换,建构了日本学校危机管理系统的层次性、整体性和动态性。从系统论层面揭示日本学校危机管理的理念、责任、机制与空间系统要素内涵以及相互转换逻辑,对我国中小学危机管理体系建设具有重要的启示与借鉴意义。School safety is an important component of social security.Japan has formed a unique school crisis management system in its long-term safety practice.Through the systematic analysis of Japanese school crisis management system,we can find the unique composition and correlation logic of concept,responsibility,mechanism and space system elements.Avoiding uncertainty to the maximum extent and realizing common security between teachers and students is the core element of the concept of crisis management.School responsibility and administrative departments responsibility are core responsibilities of the responsibility framework,and then the main characteristic of elements of responsibility framework,are coordination,humanistic care,"others"standard evaluation,and transparency.Cooperation,humanism,interaction and openness are the value representation of elements of responsibility framework.Crisis management hardware and crisis management software are the core elements of operating mechanism.Physical space,social space and cultural space are the core elements of space production network.Crisis management concept elements,responsibility framework elements,operating mechanism elements and space production network elements together constitute the Japanese school crisis management system.Among them,concept visualization logic,responsibility practice logic and system space logic promote the"productive"transformation of concept,responsibility,mechanism and space system elements.It constructs the hierarchy,integrity and dynamics of the Japanese school crisis management system.It reveals the concept,responsibility,mechanism and space system element connotation of Japanese school crisis management from the systematic level and provides important enlightenment and reference significance to the construction of crisis management system in Chinese elementary and middle schools.At present,Chinese primary and secondary schools should establish the crisis management concept with common safety as the core,provide overall plans of the res

关 键 词：日本 学校危机管理 系统论 

分 类 号：G471[文化科学—教育学]