重金属镉-铅地质高背景区不同基因型马铃薯的耐瘠性评价  

Evaluation of Barren Tolerance of Different Genotypes of Potatoes in Cd-Pb High Geological Background Area

作　　者：郑兰阳 董颖苹[2] 曹贝尔 吴茅 黄莉傈 罗充[1] Zheng Lanyang;Dong Yingping;Cao Beier;Wu Mao;Huang Lili;Luo Chong(School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,550025;State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Rocky Desertification Control of China,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,550001)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州师范大学中国南方喀斯特研究院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第3期1034-1044,共11页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：贵州省自然科学基金重点项目(黔科合[2019]1431);贵州省世界一流学科建设计划项目(黔教科研发[2019]125号);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2017]2952)共同资助。

摘　　要：一些喀斯特马铃薯产区土壤中,Cd-Pb两种元素含量介于筛选值和管控值之间,但产出的块茎能够达到食用安全标准要求。虽然可以用于正常生产,马铃薯却不得不处于重金属复合扰动和典型喀斯特土壤瘠薄的双重胁迫之下。本研究以5个不同基因型的马铃薯组培苗为试验材料,模拟Cd-Pb与瘠薄共同胁迫的生产场景,通过测定共同作用对马铃薯组培苗生长情况和抗氧化关键酶类、抗氧化还原关键分子的变化规律,再通过隶属函数法进行综合分析耐瘠性,力图筛选出轻度重金属胁迫条件下表达耐瘠特性的马铃薯基因基因型。试验结果表明,随着营养瘠薄程度的增加,试管苗的生长受到抑制,植株出现矮化趋势,干鲜比趋向升高;Vc、GSH等抗氧化剂表达水平与瘠薄水平呈显著相关,SDO活性、POD活性、CAT活性、MDA含量与瘠薄水平有一定的相关性。通过隶属函数分析法,得出5个基因型马铃薯的耐瘠抗性能力强弱排序为:‘英伦红’>‘大西洋’>‘费乌瑞它’>‘中薯5号’>‘中薯3号’。本试验通过探讨低浓度Cd-Pb复合胁迫下营养瘠薄对马铃薯不同基因型生物学特性的影响,能够为喀斯特地区马铃薯主粮化战略的实施,提供技术支撑,对适宜的马铃薯基因型选择、新品种选育,以及开展重金属抗性分子生物学等研究具有重要意义。Some of the traditional potato producing land in karst region has significant heavy-metal-rich soil background yet the tubers are able to meet the requirements of national food safety standards.Although such land can be used for normal production,potato has to cope with the dual stress of heavy metal disturbance and soil lackof nutrients due to the incomplete weathering of young karst rock.In this paper,five different genotypes of potato tissue culture seedlings were used as experimental materials to simulate the production scene of Cd-Pb and barren stress.The growth of potato tissue culture seedlings,the change of key enzymes and key molecules of antioxidant reduction were determined by the joint action.The barren tolerance was comprehensively analyzed by the membership function method,and the potato products with barren tolerance genes were screened out Species.The results showed that with the increase of nutrient barrenness,the growth of test tube plantlets was inhibited,the plant appeared dwarfing trend,and the dry matter accumulation tended to increase;SDO activity,POD activity,CAT activity,MDA content had a certain correlation with barrenness level,VC,GSH and other antioxidant expression levels had a significant correlation with barrenness level.According to the membership function analysis,the order of barren resistance of five genotypes of potato was as follows:’British red’>’Atlantic’>’Favorita’>’Zhongshu5’>’Zhongshu3’.In this experiment,the effects of nutrient barrenness on the biological characteristics of different genotypes of potato under low concentration of Cd-Pb stress were studied,and the genotypes with stronger tolerance to barrenness were selected as British red,which is of great significance to the selection of potato genotypes or the breeding of new varieties in the areas with poor soil nutrients or nutrient loss.

关 键 词：马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum) Cd-Pb 抗逆生理 隶属函数 耐瘠性评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173[农业科学—作物学] S532