输血前四项指标流行现状分析  

Analysis of the Current Prevalence of Four Indicators before Blood Transfusion

作　　者：戴榴 陈静 丁雪飞 吉翔 DAI Liu;CHEN Jing;DING Xuefei;JI Xiang(Department of Laboratory,Yangzhou Second People's Hospital,Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province,225000 China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省扬州市第二人民医院检验科,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《系统医学》2022年第22期96-99,共4页Systems Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析江苏省扬州市第二人民医院拟输血前四项(乙肝表面抗原、艾滋病毒抗体、梅毒螺旋体抗体、丙肝抗体)指标的流行现状。方法采用化学发光法对2021年9月—2022年4月江苏省扬州市第二人民医院收治的拟输血治疗的978例患者进行乙肝表面抗原、艾滋病毒抗体、梅毒螺旋体抗体、丙肝抗体检查,分析传染性疾病感染指标的临床意义。结果在978例拟输血患者中,共检出传染性疾病感染指标阳性152例,阳性率为15.54%。其中以乙肝表面抗原阳性检出率最高,占比6.65%。传染性疾病感染指标阳性患者以血透中心分布最多,占比31.58%。传染性疾病感染指标阳性患者在性别、年龄方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在文化程度(18.30%vs 10.93%)、户籍(19.92%vs 10.92%)、慢性疾病史(19.59%vs 12.24%)及遗传因素(19.35%vs 13.27%)方面比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.481、15.063、9.944、6.476,P<0.05)。其中高中以下学历、户籍为农村、有慢性疾病史以及家族遗传史是传染性疾病感染指标阳性的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论在输血前进行乙肝表面抗原、艾滋病毒抗体、梅毒螺旋体抗体、丙肝抗体检查的临床价值较高,能有效降低传染病传播风险,更有利于保证患者生命安全。Objective To analyze the prevalence status of four items(hepatitis B surface antigen,HIV antibody,syphilis spirochete antibody,hepatitis C antibody)indicators before blood transfusion in Yangzhou Second People’s Hospital.Methods Chemiluminescence was used to examine hepatitis B surface antigen,HIV antibody,syphilis spirochete antibody and hepatitis C antibody in 978 patients admitted to Yangzhou Second People’s Hospital from September 2021 to April 2022 who were to be treated with blood transfusion,and to analyze the clinical significance of infectious disease infection indicators.Results Among 978 patients to be transfused,152 positive infectious disease infection indexes were detected,with a positive rate of 15.54%.Among them,the highest rate was detected by positive hepatitis B surface antigen,accounting for 6.65%.Patients with positive infectious disease infection indicators were most distributed in the hemodialysis center,accounting for 31.58%.There was no statistically significant difference in gender and age of patients with positive infectious disease infection indicators(P>0.05).Compared with educational level(18.30%vs 10.93%),household registration(19.92%vs 10.92%),history of chronic diseases(19.59%vs 12.24%),and genetic factors(19.35%vs 13.27%),and the difference were statistically significant(χ^(2)=9.481,15.063,9.944,6.476,P<0.05).Among them,education below high school rural household registration,a history of chronic diseases and family genetic history were risk factors for the positive infection index of infectious diseases(P<0.05).Conclusion The clinical value of performing hepatitis B surface antigen,HIV antibody,syphilis spirochete antibody and hepatitis C antibody examination before blood transfusion is higher,which can effectively reduce the risk of infectious disease transmission and is more conducive to ensuring the safety of patients’lives.

关 键 词：输血 乙肝表面抗原 艾滋病毒抗体 梅毒螺旋体抗体 丙肝抗体 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学]