体育锻炼对健康成年人认知能力影响的Meta分析  

Meta analysis of the effects of physical exercise on cognitive ability in healthy adults

作　　者：李志超 李姗姗[1] 陈子超[1] LI Zhi-Chao;LI Shan-Shan;Chen Zi-Chao(Institute of Sports Science,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学体育科学研究所,四川成都610064

出　　处：《中国老年学杂志》2023年第4期833-839,共7页Chinese Journal of Gerontology

基　　金：2021年度国家社会科学基金项目(21XTY006)。

摘　　要：目的 系统评价体育锻炼或运动干预对健康成年人P300潜伏期及波幅的影响。方法 计算机检索web of science、SpringerLink、ScienceDirect,收集体育锻炼对健康成年人P300潜伏期及波幅影响的实验类文献,检索期限为1979年至2019年4月,对符合标准的实验研究进行资料提取,共纳入12篇文献,18项数据,采用Rev Man5.3统计软件进行文献质量评估,运用stata13.0统计软件进行Meta分析。结局指标:自变量为体育锻炼,因变量为Pz点P300潜伏期及波幅,分析指标包括效应量、异质性检验、敏感性检验、偏倚性检验和回归检验,并进行分亚组分析体育锻炼的具体措施对实验结果的影响。结果 Meta分析结果显示,体育锻炼对健康成年人P300潜伏期及波幅的合并效应量分别为:d=-1.559、P=0.001,d=1.934、P<0.001,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。亚组分析结果显示,体育锻炼能够有效改善和提高P300的潜伏期及波幅,差异均有统计学意义。偏倚性分析和敏感性分析表明元分析的结果稳定性较好,没有发生偏倚和效应量评估结果的变化。结论 体育锻炼或运动干预可有效改善和提高健康成年锻炼者的认知能力。长锻炼周期的体育锻炼或运动干预对健康成年人P300的潜伏期及波幅的影响效果更明显。低等强度的体育锻炼或运动干预更有利于健康老年锻炼者认知能力的改善和提高,健康青年锻炼者应采用中等强度的体育锻炼进行认知能力的改善与提高。休闲类的体育锻炼更有利于锻炼者P300潜伏期的缩短与波幅的增长,从而改善和提高认知能力。Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of physical exercise or exercise intervention on P300 latency and amplitude in healthy adults.Methods A computer search was conducted on web of science, SpringerLink and ScienceDirect to collect physical exercise for healthy adults P300 latency and amplitude effect of the experimental class literature, retrieved the period from 1979 to April 2019, the experimental study datas of standard were extracted, a total of 12 articles and 18 data were included, Rev Man5.3 statistics software was adopted to improve the quality of literature evaluation, stata13.0 statistical software was used for meta analysis.Outcome indicators: the independent variable was physical exercise, and the dependent variables were Pz point P300 incubation period and amplitude. The analysis indicators included effect size, heterogeneity test, sensitivity test, bias test and regression test, the effects of specific measures of physical exercise on experimental results were analyzed by subgroups.Results The results of meta analysis showed that physical exercise for healthy adults P300 latency and amplitude of merger effect size respectively: d=-1.559, P=0.001, d=1.934, P<0.001, which had significant difference(P<0.05).The results of subgroup analysis showed that physical exercise effectively improved the latency and amplitude of P300, and the differences were statistically significant.Bias analysis and sensitivity analysis showed that the results of meta analysis had good stability, and there was no change of bias and effect size evaluation results. Conclusions Physical exercise or exercise intervention could effectively improve and enhance the cognitive ability of healthy adult exercisers.Physical exercise or exercise intervention with a long exercise cycle has a more obvious effect on the incubation period and amplitude of P300 in healthy adults.Low-intensity physical exercise or exercise intervention is more conducive to the improvement and enhancement of cognitive ability of healthy elderly exerc

关 键 词：体育锻炼 P300 EPR 认知能力 META分析 

分 类 号：C806[社会学—统计学]