甘肃白银某铅锌冶炼厂周边土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险评价  

Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Around A Lead-Zinc Smelter in Baiyin,Gansu Province

作　　者：朱红[1] 杨浩 杜蓉[1] 黄天龙[1] ZHU Hong;YANG Hao;DU Rong;HUANG Tian-long(Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,Baiyin 730900,China)

机构地区：[1]西北矿冶研究院,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《甘肃冶金》2022年第6期116-119,共4页Gansu Metallurgy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“铅锌冶炼场地土壤多重金属长效稳定修复材料、技术与装备”项目的课题“铅锌冶炼场地土壤多金属稳定化评估体系与工程示范”(课题编号:2019YFC1805205)。

摘　　要：以甘肃白银某铅锌冶炼场地周边土壤作为研究对象,采用Hakanson提出的潜在生态风险指数法对土壤中多种重金属的综合生态风险进行评价。结果表明,该区表层土壤中Pb、Cu、As、Hg、Ni的均值远高于当地背景值,其中Hg的最大超标倍数达8倍以上,As超过5倍以上。研究区土壤中7种重金属的单项潜在生态风险系数(Er)排序为Hg>As>Cd>Cu>Pb>Ni>Cr^(6+),说明Hg和As对该区域土壤的生态危害最大。9个采样点的综合潜在生态风险指数(RI)的范围为269.1~435.9,其中有8个点处于较强度生态危害,占比达88.9%,可见该区域受重金属污染的潜在生态风险较高。经分析,主要原因是Hg和As的生态危害性较大导致,因此该区应重点关注Hg和As对土壤的生态危害。Taking the soil around a lead-zinc smelting site in Baiyin,Gansu as the research object,the potential ecological risk index method proposed by Hakanson was used to evaluate the comprehensive ecological risk of a variety of heavy metals in the soil.The results showed that the mean values of Pb,Cu,As,Hg and Ni in the surface soil were much higher than the local background values,and the maximum exceedance ratio of Hg was more than 8 times,and that of As was more than 5 times.The single potential ecological risk coefficient(Er)of the seven heavy metals in the soil of the study area was Hg>As>Cd>Cu>Pb>Ni>Cr^(6+),indicating that Hg and As had the greatest ecological harm to the soil in this area.The comprehensive potential ecological risk index(RI)of the 9 sampling points ranged from 269.1-435.9,among which 8 points were in a relatively strong ecological hazard,accounting for 88.9%,indicating that the potential ecological risk of heavy metal pollution in this area was high.According to the analysis,the main reason is that Hg and As have great ecological harm,so we should pay more attention to the ecological harm of Hg and As to soil in this area.

关 键 词：土壤 重金属污染 潜在危害 生态风险 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]