《环境影响评价法》适用存在的主要问题与对策建议  

Main Problems and Suggestions of Application of Environmental Impact Assessment Law

作　　者：赵海珍 吕晓君 李伟 谢琼立 ZHAO Haizhen;LYU Xiaojun;LI Wei;XIE Qiongli(Appraisal Center for Environment and Engineering,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100041,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部环境工程评估中心,北京100041

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2023年第1期26-29,共4页Environmental Impact Assessment

基　　金：生态环境部财政预算项目“环境监察执法与应急管理-环境监察执法”(144024000000200024)。

摘　　要：以2015—2019年的全国环境行政处罚案件公开资料和2020—2022年的典型环境行政处罚案件公开资料为基础,从生态环境执法的角度,总结《中华人民共和国环境影响评价法》的适用概况,主要包括未批先建案件数量呈现下降态势、未批先建案件违法成本明显提高、“责令恢复原状”适用案件数量增加等;分析其存在的“责令恢复原状”行政命令适用难、报告书与报告表“严重质量问题”的法律责任条款适用少、建设项目总投资额认定难度大等主要问题;提出提高“责令恢复原状”行政命令的适用性、加强环评与执法的有效衔接、简化建设项目总投资额认定等对策建议。Based on the public data of national environmental administrative punishment cases in 2015—2019 and the public data of topical environmental administrative punishment cases in 2020—2022,from the perspective of law enforcement,this paper summarizes the application of Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the People′s Republic of China,mainly including the decline trend of the number of unapproved pre-construction cases,the obvious increase of illegal cost of unapproved pre-construction cases,and an increase in the number of cases ordered to restoration;analyzes the main problems from the following aspects∶the difficulty in the application of administrative order ordered to restoration,the less application of the legal liability article of "serious quality problems" in the EISs,the difficulty in identifying the total investment of construction projects;and puts forward suggestions to improve the applicability of the administrative order "ordered to restoration",strengthen the effective connection between environmental impact assessment and law enforcement,and simplify the identification of the total investment in construction projects.

关 键 词：《中华人民共和国环境影响评价法》 环境行政处罚案件 问题 建议 

分 类 号：X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]