直线翼垂直轴风力机叶片支架对气动性能的影响  

Effect of blade bracket on aerodynamic performance of straightblade vertical axis wind turbine

作　　者：张艳锋[1] 郭志平[1] 朱新宇[1] 张立军[2] 蔡畅 李庆安 ZHANG Yanfeng;GUO Zhiping;ZHU Xinyu;ZHANG Lijun;CAI Chang;LI Qing'an(School of Mechanical Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China;School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266580,China;Institute of Engineering Thermophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古工业大学机械工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [2]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院,山东青岛266580 [3]中国科学院工程热物理研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期341-351,共11页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51765050)。

摘　　要：为了定性地评价叶片支架对直线翼垂直轴风力机气动性能影响,并得出更准确的计算结果,通过雷诺时均湍流模型(SST k-ω)对垂直轴风力机进行(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)仿真,研究叶片支架对风力机周围流场分布的影响规律,分析风力机在不同方位角下的功率输出性能。研究结果表明:支架使垂直轴风力机的气动性能下降,最大功率系数下降47.5%,主要原因是于大攻角下复杂流动分离现象受叶片支架的影响较大,支架的回转扰动使风轮内部气流的湍流强度增大;在叶片支架安装界面位置,支架使得叶片前缘压力差下降,尾缘的压力差升高;而在风力机叶片中间截面位置,无支架模型与有支架模型压差区别较小且变化趋势相同;随风力机下流域尾流延长,低风速区的面积逐渐扩散,其值先减小后增大;风速在下流域的2倍风轮直径位置处达到最小值,有支架模型比无支架模型产生的风速最小值更高,且有支架模型风速恢复相对较慢。The study is in order to qualitatively evaluate the influence of blade bracket on the aerodynamic performance of straight-blade vertical axis wind turbine and obtain more accurate calculation results, through the CFD(computational fluid dynamics) simulation of vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT) using Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes turbulence model(SST k-ω), the influence of blade bracket on the flow field distribution around the wind turbine is studied. The power performance of the wind turbine is analyzed at different azimuth angles.The results show that the blade bracket reduces the performance of the vertical axis wind turbine and the maximum power coefficient decreass by 47.5%. The main reason for the difference is that the complex flow separation phenomenon at a high angle of attack is greatly affected by the blade bracket. The rotation disturbance of the blade bracket increases the turbulence intensity of the air flow in the wind wheel. Meanwhile, the blade brackets decrease the pressure difference at the leading edge of the blade and increase the pressure difference at the trailing edge in the blade bracket mounting section. In the middle section of the wind turbine blade, the pressure difference between the unsupported model and the supported model is small, and the change trend is the same between two cases. With the extension of the wake flow during the wind turbine, the area of the low wind speed area gradually diffuses, and its value first decreases and then increases. The wind speed reaches the minimum value at the position twice the diameter of the wind wheel in the lower watershed. The minimum value of wind speed generated by the supported model is higher than that without supported model, and the wind speed recovery of the supported model is relatively slow.

关 键 词：垂直轴风力机 CFD仿真 支架 气动性能 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论]