考虑能见度有限的领导疏散行为研究  

Research on leading evacuation behavior considering limited visibility

作　　者：丁元春[1] 李琦 DING Yuanchun;LI Qi(School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学应急管理与安全工程学院,赣州341000

出　　处：《青岛理工大学学报》2023年第1期153-160,共8页Journal of Qingdao University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72164016);江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ170502)。

摘　　要：为提高疏散引导效率,针对多出口房间人群疏散问题,在基础的元胞自动机模型上引入了领导者的概念和能见度范围的限制,研究能见度范围有限条件下疏散领导者的数量和位置对疏散结果的影响。在改进后的元胞自动机模型中,只有疏散领导者和出口周围的普通行人能够准确知道出口位置,而其他行人只能跟随领导者或依据能见度范围内的信息进行疏散。模拟结果表明:对于单出口房间,一小部分领导者可以取得显著的疏散效果。但对于多出口房间,领导者对人群并不总是积极的,会导致疏散的动态变慢。领导者位置的合理分布能够在能见度有限情况下降低疏散时间,提高逃生出口的利用率。该工作对制定大型公众聚集场所应急方案有一定的参考意义。In order to improve the efficiency of evacuation guidance, and in response to the problem of evacuation of multi-exit rooms, this paper introduces the concept of leader and the limitation of visibility range to the basic cellular automata model, and the impact on the evacuation results of the number and location of evacuation leaders under the condition of limited visibility range are studied. In the improved cellular automata model, only the evacuation leader and the ordinary pedestrians around the exit can accurately know the position of the exit, while the other pedestrians can only follow the leader or evacuate according to the information within the visibility range. The simulation results show that, for single-exit rooms, a small number of leaders can achieve significant evacuation effects. But for multi-exit rooms, the leader is not always proactive with the crowd, resulting in slower evacuation dynamics. Reasonable distribution of leader positions can reduce evacuation time and improve the utilization of escape exits in the case of limited visibility. This study has certain reference significance for the formulation of emergency plans for large public gathering places.

关 键 词：疏散领导者 元胞自动机 能见度有限 出口利用率 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]