聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的合成基本原理Ⅰ.对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的合成  

Basic principles of synthesis of polyethylene terephthalateⅠ.Synthesis of ethylene glycol terephthalate

作　　者：张大省 ZHANG Dasheng(Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology,Beijing 100105)

机构地区：[1]北京服装学院,北京100105

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2023年第1期43-48,共6页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

摘　　要：对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(BHET)是合成聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的单体。简述了各类聚酯的合成技术路线,详细介绍了单体BHET的合成工艺路线、反应原理及影响因素。聚酯主要是以二元酸与二元醇为基本原料合成,或是由两种或多种二元酸、二元醇为原料合成。BHET的合成主要有两条工艺路线,即由对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT)与乙二醇(EG)的酯交换工艺路线,以及由对苯二甲酸(PTA)与EG的直接酯化工艺路线。DMT与EG的酯交换反应必须在催化剂存在下进行,是一个可逆平衡反应,主要影响因素包括EG/DMT摩尔比、催化剂、反应温度及不断排除甲醇;而PTA的直接酯化反应是一个逐步反应过程,属酸自催化反应,无需催化剂,主要影响因素包括EG/PTA摩尔比、反应温度及脱除反应生成的水。Ethylene glycol terephthalate(BHET)is a synthetic monomer of polyethylene glycol terephthalate(PET).The synthetic technology routes of various polyesters were briefly described.The synthetic technology routes,reaction principles and influencing factors of BHET monomer were introduced in detail.Polyester is mainly synthesized by using one kind of dicarboxylic acid and diol as basic raw materials or two or more kinds of dicarboxylic acid and diol as raw materials.The synthesis of BHET has two main processes,namely the transesterification process of dimethyl terephthalate(DMT)and ethylene glycol(EG)and the direct esterification process of terephthalic acid(PTA)and EG.The transesterification reaction between DMT and EG must be carried out in the presence of catalyst,which is a reversible equilibrium reaction.The main influencing factors include the EG/DMT molar ratio,catalyst,reaction temperature and continuous methanol elimination.The direct esterification of PTA is a step-by-step reaction,which is an acid autocatalytic reaction without any catalyst.The main influencing factors include the EG/PTA molar ratio,reaction temperature and the removal of water generated from the reaction.

关 键 词：对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 合成 反应原理 酯交换反应 直接酯化反应 

分 类 号：TQ323.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] TQ340.42