废弃聚酯的化学解聚技术及其高值化产品的研究进展  

Research progress in chemical depolymerization technology of waste polyester and its high-value added products

作　　者：刘志阳 官军 吕维扬 王秀华[1] 陈林江 潘江峰 程强 姚玉元[1,2] LIU Zhiyang;GUAN Jun;LV Weiyang;WANG Xiuhua;CHEN Linjiang;PAN Jiangfeng;CHENG Qiang;YAO Yuyuan(National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018;Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology,Shaoxing 3120003;Zhejiang Jiaren New Materials Co.,Ltd.,Shaoxing 312000)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织纤维材料与加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江省现代纺织技术创新中心,浙江绍兴3120003 [3]浙江佳人新材料有限公司,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2023年第1期55-62,共8页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2022C01197)。

摘　　要：介绍了废弃聚酯的化学解聚方法,以及近年来化学解聚单体下游高值化产品的开发进展。废弃聚酯的化学解聚法主要包括水解法、醇解法、胺解法,醇解法中乙二醇醇解-甲醇酯交换技术是在温和反应条件下得到高纯度再生对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT)的最佳途径,同时也是目前废弃聚酯化学解聚法产业化中的主流工艺路线。水解法解聚单体精对苯二甲酸(PTA)能开发高附加值化工中间体、吸附催化多功能金属有机框架材料和偶氮分散染料等;甲醇醇解法产物DMT可制备烃类燃料、光学聚酯、抗菌聚酯等产品;乙二醇醇解法产物对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(BHET)可制备不饱和聚酯树脂、阻燃聚氨酯泡沫、水溶性聚酯等材料;乙二醇醇解-甲醇酯交换法再生单体DMT纯度高,能开发与原生聚酯媲美的各种差别化、功能性聚酯产品,是制备高附加值聚酯产品最具前途的工艺路线;胺解法的解聚产物更具多样化,可以开发增塑剂、热固性树脂、高性能薄膜等产品。化学解聚技术今后的发展仍需进一步向缩短工艺流程、提高产物收率及降低生产成本的方向改进,加大功能多元化、品质高端化再生聚酯新材料的开发力度,并重点开发与之配套的实际生产设备,从而真正发挥化学法回收废弃PET的潜在优势。The chemical depolymerization methods of waste polyester were introduced.And the development progress of the downstream high-value added products of chemical depolymerization monomers was reviewed in recent years.The chemical depolymerization of waste polyester mainly includes hydrolysis,alcoholysis,and ammonolysis.In alcoholysis,the glycol alcoholysis-methanol transesterification technology is the best way to obtain high-purity regenerated dimethyl terephthalate(DMT)under mild reaction conditions,and it is also the mainstream process route in the industrialization of chemical depolymerization of waste polyester.Hydrolysis method provides the depolymerized monomer purified terephthalic acid(PTA)to develop high-value added chemical intermediates,multifunctional metal organic framework materials for adsorption catalysis and azo disperse dyes.DMT,the product of methanol alcoholysis,can be used to prepare hydrocarbon fuel,optical polyester,antibacterial polyester,etc.BHET,the product of glycol alcoholysis can be used to prepare unsaturated polyester resin,flame retardant polyurethane foam,water-soluble polyester,etc.The ethylene glycol alcoholysis-methanol transesterification method is the most promising process for preparing high-value added polyester products because it produces the high purity of the regenerated monomer DMT which can be used to develop various differential and functional polyester products comparable to the original polyester.The ammonolysis provides more diversified depolymerization products which can be used to develop plasticizers,thermosetting resins,high-performance films,etc..The development of chemical depolymerization technologies in the future should be further improved in the direction of shortening the process flow,improving the product yield and reducing the production cost,and the development of new recycled polyester materials with diversified functions and high-end quality should be enhanced and the development of matching production equipments should be focused,so as to truly give

关 键 词：废弃聚酯 化学法解聚 水解法 醇解法 胺解法 再生产品 高附加值 

分 类 号：TQ342.21[化学工程—化纤工业]