6-DMAP和低渗诱导长牡蛎“海大2号”三倍体的研究  

A Study on the Effects of 6-DMAP and Hypotonic Treatment in Inducing Triploid Crassostrea gigas“Haida No.2”

作　　者：程庚 徐成勋 李永国 李琪[1,2] Cheng Geng;Xu Chengxun;Li Yongguo;Li Qi(The Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China),Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China;The Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]海水养殖教育部重点实验室(中国海洋大学),山东青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期44-50,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-49);山东省农业良种工程项目(2020LZGC016)资助。

摘　　要：为探索低渗和6-二甲基氨基嘌呤(6-DMAP)诱导长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)三倍体最佳条件以及6-DMAP和低渗配合使用诱导三倍体的可行性,本研究通过低渗、6-DMAP以及6-DMAP与低渗配合三种方法诱导长牡蛎“海大2号”三倍体。研究显示,低渗处理组中,当第一极体(PB1)出现40%时,在盐度为8的低渗海水中持续处理15 min,综合评价指数最高,为34.33%,此时2日龄长牡蛎的三倍体率和存活率分别为73.77%±1.89%和45.78%±6.23%,8日龄长牡蛎的三倍体率和存活率分别为50.65%±4.89%和21.17%±5.54%。6-DMAP处理组中,当PB1出现40%时,75 mg/L的6-DMAP持续处理15 min,综合评价指数最高(36.52%),此时2日龄长牡蛎的三倍体率和存活率分别为74.81%±0.68%和46.30%±1.54%,8日龄长牡蛎的三倍体率和存活率分别为60.37%±0.61%和30.25%±2.85%。6-DMAP和低渗配合组中,当PB1出现40%时,在盐度为8的低渗海水中,以50 mg/L的6-DMAP持续处理15 min,综合评价指数最高(36.18%),此时2日龄长牡蛎的三倍体率和存活率分别为74.34%±3.49%和45.07%±4.41%,8日龄长牡蛎的三倍体率和存活率分别为68.23%±2.52%和40.42%±4.30%。综合比较以上三种方法,通过6-DMAP和低渗配合诱导获得三倍体的倍率更稳定,幼虫存活率更高。研究结果可为长牡蛎“海大2号”三倍体培育提供参考资料。In order to explore the optimal method of inducing triploid Crassostrea gigas“Haida No.2”,three methods including 6-dimethylaminopurine(6-DMAP),hypotonic treatment and the combination of 6-DMAP and hypotonicity treatment were optimized.The results showed that in the hypotonic treatment group,when 40%of the first polar body(PB1)appeared and the fertilized eggs were treated for 15 min in hypotonic seawater with a salinity of 8,the highest evaluation index was 34.33%.In this case,the triploid rate and survival rate on day 2,triploid rate and survival rate on day 8 were 73.77%±1.89%,45.78%±6.23%,50.65%±4.89%and 21.17%±5.54%,respectively.In the 6-DMAP treatment group,when the fertilized eggs appeared 40%PB1 and treated with 75 mg/L 6-DMAP for 15 min,the highest evaluation index of 36.52%was observed.In this case,the triploid rate and survival rate on day 2,triploid rate and survival rate on day 8 were 74.81%±0.68%,46.30%±1.54%,60.37%±0.61%and 30.25%±2.85%,respectively.In the combination groups of 6-DMAP and hypotonic treatment,when 40%of eggs appeared PB1 and treated with 50 mg/L 6-DMAP in hypotonic seawater with a salinity of 8 for 15 min,the highest evaluation index of 36.18%was obtained.In this case,the evaluation index,the triploid rate and survival rate on day 2,triploid rate and survival rate on day 8 were 74.34%±3.49%,45.07%±4.41%,68.23%±2.52%and 40.42%±4.30%,respectively.A comprehensive comparison of the above three methods showed that the combination of 6-DMAP and hypotonic treatment induced higher stable triploid rate with higher larval survival rate.The results of this study provided useful information for inducing triploid C.gigas“Haida No.2”.

关 键 词：长牡蛎 “海大2号” 三倍体 低渗 6-二甲基氨基嘌呤 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]