正断层影响下煤层采动的裂隙扩展规律研究  

Crack Propagation Law of Coal Seam Mining under Influence of Normal Faults

作　　者：罗庆丽 牛慧婷 钟曼尹 任胜华 方兴 康向涛[1] LUO Qingli;NIU Huiting;ZHONG Manyin;REN Shenghua;FANG Xing;KANG Xiangtao(College of Mining,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学矿业学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《能源与节能》2023年第2期1-5,共5页Energy and Energy Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52064009);贵州大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目资助[贵大(省)创字号2021(127)]。

摘　　要：为了研究正断层影响下煤层采动的裂隙扩展规律,根据断层与煤层的位置关系进行相似材料模拟实验。在煤层和断层区域埋设应力应变传感器,借助全站仪观测记录开采引起的煤层群裂隙演化情况,并利用数字散斑测量方法对开挖过程中的覆岩下沉量进行定量分析,研究工作面远离、接近和穿过断层时上覆岩层裂隙变化规律。经过岩层下沉分析得知,当工作面接近、穿过或远离断层时,上覆岩层从直接顶处出现整体垮落,随采随落到无法形成稳定结构,随着工作面持续推进远离断层,断层岩体逐渐压实基本趋于稳定。这为煤矿中顶底板与围岩变形研究以及断层裂隙扩展研究提供了新思路,为开展煤矿断层开采工作提供了科学依据。In order to study the crack propagation law of coal seam mining under the influence of normal faults,according to the positional relationship between the fault and the coal seam,a similar material simulation test was carried out.Stress and strain sensors were buried in coal seams and fault areas,and the evolution of coal seam group cracks caused by mining was observed and recorded by total station,and the digital speckle analysis method was used to quantitatively analyze the subsidence of the overlying rock during the excavation process,and to study the changing law of the cracks of the overlying stratum when the working face moved away from,approached and passed through the fault.After the rock stratum subsidence analysis,it is known that when the working face approaches,passes through and moves away from the fault,the overlying stratum falls as a whole from the immediate roof,which falls along with mining,and the stable structure cannot be formed.As the working face continues to advance,the rock mass is gradually compacted and basically tends to be stable.The study can provide a new idea for the study of roof and floor and surrounding rock deformation and fault fissure expansion in coal mines,and provides a scientific basis for the development of coal mine fault mining.

关 键 词：数字散斑 相似模拟实验 正断层 裂隙扩展 亚像素定位 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]