第二相强化钨合金的制备方法与性能综述  

Review of Preparation Methods and Properties of Second Phase Reinforced Tungsten Alloys

作　　者：李洲[1,2,3] 魏世忠 徐流杰[1,2,3] 赵云超 王长记[1,2] LI Zhou;WEI Shizhong;XU Liujie;ZHAO Yunchao;WANG Changji(Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,Henan,China;National Joint Engineering Research Center for Abrasion Control and Molding of Metal Materials,Luoyang 471003,Henan,China;Henan Engineering Research Center For Wear of Material,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学,河南洛阳471003 [2]金属材料磨损控制与成型技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,河南洛阳471003 [3]河南省耐磨材料工程技术研究中心,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《中国钨业》2022年第3期56-69,共14页China Tungsten Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2004180);河南省自然科学青年基金(222300420155)。

摘　　要：钨及其合金凭借高熔点、高热导率、低膨胀系数等特性被广泛应用于航空、军工、核工业等领域。但是钨又存在低温脆性、再结晶脆性等问题,在一定程度上限制了其应用。弥散强化和细晶强化是改善钨合金综合性能的有效途径,在钨基体中加入碳化物或氧化物等均匀分散的纳米第二相来强化晶粒和晶界可以提高合金综合性能。目前常用的弥散强化相为碳化钛(TiC)、碳化铌(NbC)、碳化锆(ZrC)等碳化物和氧化镧(La_(2)O_(3))、氧化铝(Al_(2)O_(3))、氧化钇(Y_(2)O_(3))、氧化锆(ZrO_(2))等氧化物。本文综述了国内外关于第二相强化钨合金的研究概况和最新进展,从材料制备、微观结构、力学性能等方面进行了对比和分析,并对未来高性能钨合金的发展趋势进行了展望。Due to their high melting point,high thermal conductivity and low expansion coefficient,tungsten and its alloys are widely used in the sectors of aviation,military industry,and nuclear industry.However,tungsten has some problems,such as low temperature brittleness and recrystallization brittleness,which largely limit its application.Dispersion strengthening and fine grain strengthening are effective ways to improve the comprehensive properties of tungsten alloy.Adding uniformly dispersed nano-second phase such as carbide or oxide into tungsten matrix to strengthen grain and grain boundary can improve the comprehensive properties.At present,the commonly used dispersion strengthening phases are carbides such as titanium carbide(TiC),niobium carbide(NbC)and zirconium carbide(ZrC)and oxides such as lanthanum oxide(La_(2)O_(3)),aluminum oxide(Al_(2)O_(3)),yttrium oxide(Y_(2)O_(3))and zirconium oxide(ZrO_(2)).In this paper,the research situation and latest progress of second-phase strengthened tungsten alloys at home and abroad are reviewed.The material preparation,microstructure and mechanical properties are compared and analyzed,and the development trend of high-performance tungsten alloys in the future is prospected.

关 键 词：钨合金 第二相 制备方法 弥散强化 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG146.4[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TF841.1[金属学及工艺—金属材料]