江苏省水稻赤霉病病原菌分离鉴定与致病力分析  

Identification and pathogenicity test of Fusarium isolates causing Fusarium head blight in rice in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：陈祥祥 吴季荣[2] 武德亮 徐剑宏 史建荣[1,2] 董飞 Chen Xiangxiang;Wu Jirong;Wu Deliang;Xu Jianhong;Shi Jianrong;Dong Fei(School of Food and Biological Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,Jiangsu Province,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety,Key Laboratory for Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学食品与生物工程学院,镇江212013 [2]江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,农业农村部农产品质量安全控制技术与标准重点实验室,农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室,江苏省现代粮食流通与安全协同创新中心,南京210014

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2022年第6期1612-1619,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划战略性国际科技创新合作重点专项(2018YFE0206000);国家自然科学基金(32001859);江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(21)1005,CX(22)3072)。

摘　　要：为明确江苏省水稻赤霉病的病原菌组成及致病特征,于2018—2019年从江苏省13个市41个县区采集341份水稻样品,采用组织分离法对病原菌进行分离纯化,基于翻译延伸因子(translation elongation factor-1α,TEF-1α)序列分析对分离菌株进行鉴定,通过TRI11基因序列鉴定及产毒力测定对其产毒化学型进行分析,并按照柯赫氏法则对其致病力进行验证。结果显示,从水稻样品中共分离获得病原菌392株,其中亚洲镰刀菌Fusarium asiaticum为385株,禾谷镰刀菌F.graminearum为7株。亚洲镰刀菌分为3-乙酰化脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(3-acetyldeoxynivalenol,3ADON)化学型和雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(nivalenol,NIV)化学型菌株,分别占亚洲镰刀菌总菌株数的66.8%和33.2%;禾谷镰刀菌均为(15-acetyldeoxynivalenol,15ADON)化学型。产3ADON的亚洲镰刀菌在全省范围内为优势群体,而产15ADON的禾谷镰刀菌仅在淮北地区被发现;产NIV的亚洲镰刀菌对水稻的致病性要显著高于产3ADON的亚洲镰刀菌。不同产毒化学型亚洲镰刀菌对水稻均有一定致病性,但NIV化学型亚洲镰刀菌对水稻的致病力最强。To clarify the composition and pathogenicity of Fusarium species isolated from Fusarium head blight of rice,341 rice samples were collected from 41 counties of 13 cities in 2018 and 2019 in Jiangsu Province.Fusarium isolates were identified with molecular method based on the translation elongation factor 1α(TEF-1α)gene sequence.According to TRI11 gene sequences and in-vitro toxin production,the chemotype of F.graminearum species complex was determined.Then,to complete Koch’s postulate,the F.asiaticum isolates in different chemotypes were tested for pathogenicity.The results showed that a total of 392 isolates were obtained from rice samples,including F.asiaticum(n=385)and F.graminearum(n=7).Of them,66.8%of F.asiaticum isolates were the 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol(3ADON)chemotype and the remainders were the nivalenol(NIV)chemotype.In addition,all the F.graminearum isolates were the 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol(15ADON)chemotype.Moreover,F.asiaticum with 3ADON chemotype was dominant in Jiangsu Province,while 15ADON chemotype of F.graminearum strains could only be found in the northern Jiangsu.The results of pathogenicity test showed that F.asiaticum isolates in the NIV chemotype were more virulent to rice than F.asiaticum isolates in 3ADON chemotype.Generally,F.asiaticum isolates in NIV chemotype had the strongest pathogenicity against rice,but variation existed within chemotypes of F.asiaticum.

关 键 词：水稻 赤霉病 禾谷镰刀菌 亚洲镰刀菌 产毒化学型 致病性 

分 类 号：S435.111.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]