基于噪声测试的轴承滚动体划伤故障特征识别  

Feature Identification of Bearing Rolling Body Scratch Fault Based on Noise Test

作　　者：栾孝驰 沙云东 张峰旗 那万晓 LUAN Xiao-chi;SHA Yun-dong;ZHANG Feng-qi;NA Wan-xiao(Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Measurement and Test Technology of Aviation Propulsion Systems,Shenyang Aerospace University,Liaoning Shenyang 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学航空发动机学院辽宁省航空推进系统先进测试技术重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110136

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2023年第2期15-19,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：中国航发产学研合作项目资助(HFZL2018CXY017)。

摘　　要：围绕航空发动机轴承典型故障不易诊断的问题,提出了基于噪声信号的非接触式测量方法。在实验室条件下设计并搭建具有复杂传递路径的轴承故障模拟转子试验台,用线切割的方法加工了轴承滚动体划伤故障,开展了该种故障下不同转速工况的试验测试,获取了故障轴承噪声信号及振动信号。对采集到的噪声信号进行频谱分析和小波阈值变换分析,振动信号进行包络谱分析。分析结果表明:基于噪声信号的诊断方法避免了复杂传递路径对信号的衰减作用,可以有效提取轴承滚动体划伤故障信号特征,识别效果明显优于振动信号。这里提出的基于噪声信号诊断的方法为航空发动机轴承故障诊断提供了新手段。The non-contact diagnosis method based on the noise signal is proposed around the problem that the typical fault of the aeroengine bearing is not easy to diagnose.The bearing fault simulation rotor test stand is set up under the condition of the laboratory,and the damage of the bearing rolling body is processed,and the test of different working conditions under the fault is carried out,and the bearing fault noise signal and the vibration signal are obtained.And carrying out frequency spectrum analysis and wavelet threshold transformation analysis on the collected noise signals respectively,and carrying out envelope spectrum analysis on the vibration signals.The analysis results show that based on the diagnosis method of the noise signal can effectively reduce the contact interference caused by the complex signal transmission path,and the fault signal characteristic of the bearing rolling body can be effectively extracted,identification effect is more obvious than that of vibration signal.The method based on noise signal diagnosis proposed in this paper provides a new method for fault diagnosis of aeroengine bearing.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 噪声 故障诊断 小波阈值变换方法 航空发动机 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] V219[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]