考虑滑体–水体相互作用的滑坡涌浪产生过程动力学模型研究  

Research on dynamic models of landslide tsunami generation considering slide/water interactions

作　　者：肖莉丽 王佳佳 李枝强 陈浩[1] XIAO Lili;WANG Jiajia;LI Zhiqiang;CHEN Hao(School of Highway,Chang'an University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2022年第12期2404-2416,共13页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41907237,41907234)。

摘　　要：滑坡涌浪的产生过程是研究滑坡涌浪灾害链的核心,该过程中涌浪产生的力学机制和动力学模型对于滑坡涌浪的精准预测具有关键作用。考虑涌浪产生过程中滑体–水体的相互作用,基于前期研究所提出的体积抬升(LU)、冲击挤压(PA)和界面摩擦(DA)三种力学效应及模型,建立3种力学耦合作用下的滑坡涌浪产生过程动力学模型及参数;探讨3种力学效应与16种首浪高度影响因素之间的力学关系,明确产生涌浪的8种直接影响因素(滑体入水的长度、宽度、厚度、厚度变化率(或迎水面积变化率)、冲击速度大小和方向、水深及滑体密度)和3种核心影响因素(入水体积、冲击速度和水深);开展三维散体滑坡涌浪物理模型试验,将所提出的动力学模型嵌入Tsunami Squares数值模拟程序中,反演模拟物理模型试验全过程,验证所提出的动力学模型的可靠性。该文揭示了滑坡涌浪产生的力学机制,为滑坡涌浪数值模拟反演和预测提供了精准的输入模型,对滑坡涌浪灾害预测预报及防灾减灾具有重要科学意义和应用价值。Landslide tsunami generation ranks as the most important process during Landslide Generated tsunami(LGT)hazard chain,in which the mechanics of landslide/water interaction and the dynamic models play a key role for precise prediction of LGT.Based on the Lift Up(LU),Push Ahead(PA)and Drag Along(DA)effects during wave generation proposed by the authors in earlier study,this paper established a coupling dynamic model of the three effects considering the landslide/water interactions.At the same time,the relationships between the three effects and 16 influence factors of initial wave heights were explained,and 8 direct influence factors(including sliding length,width,thickness,the rate of thickness change,magnitude and direction of impact velocity,water depth and landslide density)and three core influence factors(sliding volume,impact velocity and water depth)were specified.Furthermore,a series of physical experiments of LGT were carried out and the whole process was well reproduced by Tsunami Squares numerical simulation,which quantitatively verified the correction of the proposed coupling dynamic mode.This research revealed the dynamic mechanics of landslide tsunami generation,and the proposed coupling formulation can provide accurate models for LGT simulation.It has an important scientific significance and application value for LGT hazard prediction and mitigation.

关 键 词：边坡工程 滑坡涌浪 涌浪产生过程 Tsunami Squares 首浪 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P64[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]