新型冠状病毒感染疫情下深圳地区患儿13种呼吸道病原体流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of 13 respiratory pathogens in children in Shenzhen under COVID-19

作　　者：钟小珍 豆小文 阚丽娟 汤花梅 张水兰[2] 韦洁宏 张秀明 熊丹 ZHONG Xiaozhen;DOU Xiaowen;KAN Lijuan;TANG Huamei;ZHANG Shuilan;WEI Jiehong;ZHANG Xiuming;XIONG Dan(Shantou University Medical College,Shantou,Guangdong 515041,China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,Shenzhen Luohu People′s Hospital,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院,广东汕头515041 [2]深圳市罗湖区人民医院医学检验科,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2023年第4期475-480,共6页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

基　　金：广东省深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20190812171816857);广东省深圳市医学重点学科建设经费项目(SZXK054);广东省深圳市罗湖区软科学研究计划项目(LX20200512)。

摘　　要：目的探讨新型冠状病毒感染疫情下深圳地区儿童13种呼吸道病原体感染的分布特点及流行病学特征,为临床诊疗提供病原学依据。方法联合多重反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)与毛细电泳技术检测2020年2月至2022年1月4724例急性呼吸道感染(ARI)患儿13种呼吸道病原体,统计分析13种呼吸道病原体在不同性别、年龄、季节间的分布差异,同步分析痰培养检出细菌阳性的情况。结果4724例ARI患儿13种呼吸道病原体总阳性率为68.80%,混合阳性率为6.96%;检出呼吸道病原体以鼻病毒(27.77%)、呼吸道合胞病毒(19.75%)和副流感病毒(10.69%)为主;上述3种呼吸道病原体合并痰培养细菌阳性以金黄色葡萄球菌(23.29%)、卡他莫拉菌(13.21%)、肺炎链球菌(11.45%)、流感嗜血杆菌(6.46%)为主;秋季病原体阳性率最高(75.82%),幼儿(1~3岁)病原体阳性率最高(73.28%),均以鼻病毒及呼吸道合胞病毒检出为主。结论新型冠状病毒感染疫情下,儿童感染的呼吸道病原体区别于疫情前。Objective To investigate the distribution and epidemiological characteristics of 13 respiratory pathogens in children in Shenzhen under the influence of COVID-19,providing etiological basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A total of 13 respiratory pathogens were detected by multiple reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)combined with capillary electrophoresis in 4724 children with acute respiratory infection(ARI)from February 2020 to January 2022.The distribution differences of respiratory pathogens in different gender,age and season were statistically analyzed,and sputum culture complicated with positive bacteria were analyzed simultaneously.Results The positive rate of respiratory pathogens in ARI children was 68.80%,which was 6.96%in mixed infection.Rhinovirus(27.77%),respiratory syncytial virus(19.75%)and parainfluenza virus(10.69%)were the main pathogens of respiratory tract.Staphylococcus aureus(23.29%),Moraxella catarrhala(13.21%),Streptococcus pneumoniae(11.45%)and Haemophilus influenzae(6.46%)were the main positive bacteria for the three main respiratory viruses which combined with positive sputum culture.The pathogen positive rate was the highest in autumn(75.82%),and the highest in children with 1-3 years old(73.28%),which were mainly rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus.Conclusion Children are infected with different respiratory pathogens during COVID-19 compared that before the pandemic.

关 键 词：儿童 呼吸道感染 呼吸道病原体 痰培养 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]