“双通道”背景下国谈创新药零售终端流通现状  

Analysis on the Circulation and Obstacles of Innovative Drugs in Retail Terminal under the Dual-channel Policy in China

作　　者：付瑞枫 茅宁莹[1] FU Ruifeng;MAO Ningying(School of International Pharmaceutical Business,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211198,China)

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学国际医药商学院,江苏南京211198

出　　处：《卫生经济研究》2023年第2期24-27,33,共5页

基　　金：江苏省科技厅政策引导类计划(软科学研究)“产学研深度融合的江苏省生物医药技术创新体系建设研究”(BR2020089);江苏省社会科学基金项目“健康中国背景下支持江苏生物医药产业创新的财政政策研究”(22JZB002)。

摘　　要：目的:“双通道”背景下,分析国谈创新药在零售终端的流通现状,提出促进创新药流通的建议。方法:基于利益相关者视角,分析国谈创新药零售终端流通中不同主体的冲突源,厘清国谈创新药院外流通障碍及成因。结果:“双通道”政策总体上有助于提高国谈创新药的可及性,但在零售终端流通过程中面临储备品种较少、各地配备情况差异较大、放量拉动效应不显著、患者满意度偏低等障碍;原因在于政府部门监管难和控费压力大且各地政策标准不一,医院对处方外流意愿不强,零售药房面临“高标准、低利润”的双重挑战以及创新药患者对零售药房能力要求高、信任程度低等。结论:各利益相关方从加速品种整合、提高处方流转动力与效率以及完善第三方健康服务体系入手,逐步探索构建协调机制,充分发挥零售药房的补充作用,提高创新药的可及性。Objective To analyze the circulation and obstacles of state-negotiated innovative drugs in retail terminal under the dualchannel policy, and to propose corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to promote the accessibility of innovative drugs. Methods Based on the perspective of stakeholders, the stakeholder model was constructed. Analyzing the sources of conflicts among different subjects including government departments, hospitals, retail pharmacies, patients and so on, the causes of out-of-hospital circulation obstacles of innovative drugs were clarified. Results The dual-channel policy was generally helpful to improve the accessibility of innovative drugs, but it also faced obstacles in the process of retail distribution, such as insufficient reserve varieties, wide regional allocation differences, insignificant volume-pull effect, and low patient satisfaction. The obstacles lied in the difficulty of supervision and cost control pressure of government departments, different policy standards in various regions, weak prescription outflow from the hospital, the dual challenges of "high standards and low profits" faced by retail pharmacies, the high requirements and low trust of patients to retail pharmacies. Conclusion It is recommended that all stakeholders should explore the coordination mechanism, give full play to the supplementary role of retail pharmacies,and finally ensure the smooth accessibility of innovative drugs starting from three aspects: accelerating the integration of allocation varieties,improving the impetus and efficiency of prescription outflow and improving the third-party medical and health service system.

关 键 词：双通道政策 零售药房 创新药 流通障碍 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]