基于惯容的车辆悬挂系统动态分析与参数优化  

Dynamic analysis and parameter optimization of vehicle suspension system based on inerter

作　　者：王丹[1] 佘世刚 程俊 史舟 WANG Dan;SHE Shigang;CHENG Jun;SHI Zhou(College of Mechanical Engineering and Rail Transit,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China;State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学机械与轨道交通学院,常州213164 [2]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2023年第1期57-63,共7页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51875053)。

摘　　要：为了提升车辆悬挂系统的动力学性能,在传统弹簧-阻尼悬挂模式基础上添加惯容,建立了惯容-弹簧-阻尼三元件并联的悬挂系统,在多组悬架参数下进行数值仿真,分析在新悬挂方式下悬架参数对悬架垂向振动响应的影响,采用多目标遗传算法进行参数优化,针对车身垂向加速度与悬架动行程,对悬架参数进行2组多目标优化,得出惯容、弹簧和阻尼最优参数匹配。仿真结果证明:在传统弹簧-阻尼悬挂模式基础上添加惯容可以有效改善车辆垂向振动系统的减振性能,减小主频。经过2组优化后,与传统弹簧-阻尼悬挂模式相比,车身垂向加速度均方根值分别减小了63.15%、62.22%;悬架动行程均方根值均减小了25.00%;轮胎动载荷均方根值分别减小了73.23%、72.65%。In order to improve the dynamic performance of vehicle suspension systems,on the basis of traditional spring-damped suspension mode,inerter was added,and a suspension system with inerter-spring-damping three elements in parallel was established,the numerical simulation was carried out under the multiple sets of suspension parameters to analyze the influence of suspension parameters on the vertical vibration response of the suspension under the new suspension model,the multi-objective genetic algorithm was adopted to optimize,according to the body acceleration and suspension dynamic stroke,suspension component parameters were optimized by two groups of multiple objectives,and the optimal parameter matching was obtained,including inerter,spring and damping.The simulation result shows that adding inerter on the basis of traditional spring-damping suspension mode can effectively improve the vibration performance of vehicle vertical vibration system and reduce the main frequency.After two groups of optimization,comparing with the traditional spring-damped suspension mode,the root-mean-square values of vertical acceleration of vehicle body are reduced by 63.15%and 62.22%,the root-mean-square value of suspension dynamic stroke is reduced by 25.00%,and the root-mean-square values of tire dynamic load are reduced by 73.23%and 72.65%.

关 键 词：悬挂系统 惯容 多目标遗传算法 最优参数匹配 主频 

分 类 号：U463.33[机械工程—车辆工程]