水土保持方案质量与实效提升方向  

Quality and Effectiveness Improvement Direction of Soil and Water Conservation Plan

作　　者：蒋学玮[1] 姜德文[2,3,4] JIANG Xuewei;JIANG Dewen(College of Horticulture and Forestry,Tarim University,Alaer,Xinjiang 843300,China;Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring Center of the Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100055,China;Prevention and Supervision Professional Committee of Chinese Society of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学园艺与林学学院党委,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]水利部水土保持监测中心,北京100055 [3]中国水土保持学会预防监督专业委员会,北京100083 [4]塔里木大学园艺与林学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2023年第1期8-12,I0001,共6页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：甘肃省青年科技基金项目(21JR7RL910);甘肃省水利科技项目计划(22GSLK040,22GSLK041)。

摘　　要：水土保持方案是生产建设项目科学有效防治水土流失的重要技术文件。目前全国审批的水土保持方案中94%是由县级完成的审批,从2022年全国水土保持方案质量抽查结果来看,有相当数量的水土保持方案存在不同程度的质量问题。“十四五”时期,水土保持方案应更加注重全过程水土流失防控,强化水土保持方案的约束力,提升防治措施体系的系统性、有效性,增强项目法人自主管理措施的针对性、有效性;建立国家级、省级专家团队支撑县级评审的工作机制,创造条件实行由专业机构承担评审工作体制,方案评审专家、县级主管部门、独立设置的行政审批局等应提升审查审批能力与水平;政务中心应加强申报材料的前期审核,为方案审查审批奠定良好基础;方案编制机构的水平评价星级、从业单位及人员的信用状况应与方案质量紧密联动,建立技术服务机构优胜劣汰机制,全面提升方案质量和防治成效,为经济高质量发展、生态环境高水平保护做出贡献。Soil and water conservation plan is an important technical document for scientific and effective prevention and control of soil and water loss in production and construction projects. At present, 94% of the soil and water conservation plans approved nationwide are approved by the county government. From the national spot check results of the quality of the soil and water conservation plan in 2022, there were quite a number of soil and water conservation plans with different degrees of quality problems. In the 14th Five-Year Plan period, a) preparing soil and water conservation plan should pay more attention to the prevention and control of soil and water loss in the whole process, strengthen the binding force of soil and water conservation plan, improve the systematicness and effectiveness of the prevention and control measures system,enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of the legal person’s independent management measures;b) establish a working mechanism for national and provincial expert teams to support county-level evaluation, create conditions to implement the system of evaluation by professional institutions and plan review experts, county-level competent departments and independent administrative examination and approval bureaus should improve their examination and approval capabilities;c) the administrative affairs center should strengthen the preliminary examination of the application materials to lay a good foundation for the examination and approval of the program and;d) the level evaluation rating of the program preparation institution, the credit status of the working unit and the staff should be closely linked with the program quality, establish a mechanism of survival of the fittest in technical service institutions, comprehensively improve the program quality and prevention effect and make contributions to high-quality economic development and high-level protection of the ecological environment.

关 键 词：生产建设项目 水土保持方案 质量把关 成效提升 趋势方向 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]