2017-2021年中国龙虾进口贸易现状与对策  

Current situation and countermeasures of lobster import in China from 2017 to 2021

作　　者：岳冬冬[1] 刘子飞[2] 耿瑞[2] 吴仙方 YUE Dongdong;LIU Zifei;GENG Rui;WU Xianfang(Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China;Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Beijing 100141,China;School of Economics and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业农村部远洋与极地渔业创新重点实验室,上海200090 [2]中国水产科学研究院,北京100141 [3]上海海洋大学经济管理学院,上海201306

出　　处：《渔业研究》2023年第1期72-79,共8页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目;农业农村部政府购买服务项目。

摘　　要：统筹利用国际国内两个市场两种资源是解决中国居民水产品消费的根本途径。龙虾作为具有代表性的高端水产品之一,为掌握近年来龙虾进口特征,根据2017-2021年中国龙虾进口数据,对贸易规模、品种结构、贸易方式、来源市场等内容进行分析。结果表明:2017-2021年,龙虾进口规模快速扩大,进口量年均增长11.78%;鲜活龙虾是主要的进口商品类型,累计进口量占龙虾总进口量的86.03%;一般贸易在中国龙虾进口贸易中占据绝对优势地位;加拿大、美国、澳大利亚和新西兰等11个国家是主要的进口来源市场,累计进口量占总进口量的95.54%。收入与龙虾消费需求关系显示,分组收入与龙虾进口量额之间具有较强的相关关系,分组收入与进口量的相关系数值更大;龙虾的需求收入弹性均大于1,属于富有弹性的奢侈品。为适应中国消费升级和多元化需求,提出保持更加开放的进口策略、用好龙虾贸易工具、开展龙虾种业创新等对策建议。The fundamental way to fulfill the consumption of aquatic products by Chinese residents is to make overall use of the two markets and resources at home and abroad.Lobster is one of the representative-high-end aquatic products.In order to grasp the characteristics of lobster import in recent years,the article analyzed the trade scale,variety structure,trade mode,source market and other contents by using the import data of lobster from 2017 to 2021 in China.The results were as follows,the import scale of lobster expanded rapidly,with an average annual growth of 11.78%from 2017 to 2021.Fresh lobster was the main type of imported products,and the cumulative import volume accounts for 86.03%of the total import volume of lobster.Ordinary trade occupied an absolute dominant position in China′s lobster import trade.11 countries,including Canada,the United States of America,Australia and New Zealand,and so on,were the main import source markets,and the cumulative import volume accounts for 95.54%of the total import volume.The relationship between income and lobster consumption demand showed that there was a strong correlation between group income and lobster import volume,and the correlation coefficient between group income and import volume was larger.The demand income elasticity of lobster was greater than 1,which was a luxury with elasticity.In order to adapt to China′s consumption upgrading and diversified demand,it was proposed to maintain a more open import strategy,make good use of lobster trading tools,and carry out lobster seed industry innovation.

关 键 词：龙虾 进口 相关系数 弹性 

分 类 号：S9-9[农业科学—水产科学]