异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌氮代谢特性研究进展  

Research progress on nitrogen metabolism characteristics of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria

作　　者：黄诗玮 田云[2] 马述[1,2] 卢向阳 HUANG Shiwei;TIAN Yun;MA Shu;LU Xiangyang(College of Medical Technology Shaoyang University,Shaoyang 42200 China;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128 China)

机构地区：[1]邵阳学院医学技术学院,邵阳422000 [2]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2023年第1期91-97,共7页Journal of Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21808052);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(19C1663,19C1664);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202010547059X)。

摘　　要：综述近40年异养硝化-好氧反硝化(HN-AD)菌的相关报道,从HN-AD细菌的种类、常见应用及脱氮效果、氮代谢途径、氮代谢的关键酶、氮代谢过程的影响因素等5个方面对HN-AD菌的脱氮特性进行详细阐述,以期为挖掘更多高效的HN-AD菌并应用于实际废水处理提供理论依据。目前,关于HN-AD细菌的大部分应用研究还处在实验室阶段,其脱氮分子机制的研究依然不够深入,未来可以通过基因敲除等手段进一步明确关键酶编码基因在菌株氮代谢过程中的作用,也可以利用基因重组或体细胞融合等手段构建高效脱氮工程菌,以应对更复杂的废水环境。The related reports of HN-AD bacteria in recent 40 years were reviewed. The types of HN-AD bacteria, common application and nitrogen removal effect, nitrogen metabolism pathways, key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism and common influencing factors of nitrogen metabolism process of HN-AD bacteria were expounded, in order to provide theoretical basis for mining more efficient HN-AD bacteria and applying them in practical wastewater treatment. At present, most of the application research on HN-AD bacteria were in laboratory, the research on the nitrogen removal molecular mechanism is still not enough in-depth. In the future, the role of key enzyme-coding genes in the nitrogen metabolism process of strains can be further clarified by means of gene knockout, and efficient nitrogen removal engineering bacteria can be constructed by means of gene recombination or somatic cell fusion to cope with more complex wastewater environment.

关 键 词：生物脱氮 异养硝化好氧反硝化菌 氮代谢特性 关键酶 影响因素 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]