新时期黄河调水调沙思考与建议  

Thoughts and Suggestions on Water-Sediment Regulation of the Yellow River in the New Period

作　　者：高兴 朱呈浩 刘俊秀 陈翠霞 GAO Xing;ZHU Chenghao;LIU Junxiu;CHEN Cuixia(Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Key Laboratory of Water Management and Water Security for Yellow River Basin,Ministry of Water Resources(Under Construction),Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,河南郑州450003 [2]水利部黄河流域水治理与水安全重点实验室(筹),河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2023年第2期42-46,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：河南省青年人才托举工程项目(2022HYTP022);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402503)。

摘　　要：黄河调水调沙连续开展二十余年,是协调黄河水沙关系行之有效的措施,在减淤、塑槽、生态等方面发挥了显著效益。但新时期黄河水沙情势异变,水库及河道边界条件也发生调整,调水调沙面临冲刷效率下降和后续动力不足两个突出问题。为适应新时期新形势变化,有必要对调水调沙进行优化创新,以更好地发挥其长期综合效益。采用实测资料分析的方法,结合工程实际调度经验,提出基于现状水沙调控工程体系优化调水调沙的措施,包括小浪底水库多排沙提供沙源以及挖掘干流水库群潜力为调水调沙补充后续水流动力。从保障黄河长久安澜的角度,提出完善调水调沙的建议:一是加快推动骨干工程建设,完善水沙调控体系;二是积极创新调水调沙运用模式,动态优化调控指标。上述工程措施和非工程措施的结合,可有效解决黄河泥沙治理难题。Water and sediment regulation has been carried out continuously for more than 20 years, which is an effective measure to coordinate the water-sediment relationship of the Yellow River and brings remarkable benefits in silt reduction, channel shaping and ecology. However, in the new period, the water and sediment regimes of the Yellow River have been changed, the boundary conditions of reservoirs and rivers have been adjusted, and water and sediment regulation is facing two prominent problems of erosion efficiency declining and insufficient follow-up power. In order to adapt to the new situation in the new period, it is necessary to optimize and innovate water and sediment regulation so as to better exert its long-term comprehensive benefits. Using the method of analysis of measured data and combining the actual project dispatching experience, the measures for optimizing water and sediment regulation based on the current water and sediment control project system were put forward, including providing sediment source for multiple sediment discharge of Xiaolangdi Reservoir and tapping the potential of reservoir groups on the main stream to supplement the follow-up flow power for water and sediment regulation. Suggestions for improving water and sediment diversion and regulation in the future were put forward in order to guarantee the long-term stable position of the Yellow River. First, accelerate the landing of key projects and improve the water and sediment control system. Second, actively innovate the application mode of water diversion and sediment control and dynamically optimize the control index. The combination of the above engineering measures and non-engineering measures can effectively solve the issue of sediment control of the Yellow River.

关 键 词：调水调沙 防洪减淤 水库排沙 后续动力 黄河 

分 类 号：TV62[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV882.1