畦灌技术参数对灌溉施肥性能影响研究进展  

Research Progress on Influence of Border Irrigation Technical Parameters to Irrigation and Fertilization Performance

作　　者：张凯 白美健[1,2] 张雪萍 章少辉 史源[1,2] ZHANG Kai;BAI Meijian;ZHANG Xueping;ZHANG Shaohui;SHI Yuan(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Key Laboratory of River Basin Digital Twinning of Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038,China;Beijing IWHR Corporation,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [2]水利部数字孪生流域重点实验室,北京100038 [3]北京中水科工程集团有限公司,北京100038

出　　处：《人民黄河》2023年第2期127-132,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：中国水科院创新团队项目(ID0145B022021);中国水科院专项项目(ID0145B052021)。

摘　　要：畦灌是华北地区应用最广泛的灌水方法,优化畦灌技术参数是提高灌溉施肥性能、减少农业面源污染的重要措施。畦灌技术参数多元,加之土壤入渗、溶质运移参数的空间变异性,使得畦灌灌溉施肥性能研究存在较大难度。整理了常用的灌溉施肥性能评价指标,归纳了土壤质地、施肥方式、施肥时机以及改口成数等畦灌技术参数对灌溉施肥性能影响的研究进展以及相关参数的适宜阈值,阐述了适宜不同场景的畦灌施肥地表溶质运移模型应用情况,汇总了具有较高灌溉施肥性能的畦灌技术参数组合。结合前人的研究基础对未来的研究方向进行了展望,以期为进一步提高作物产量、降低肥料使用对环境的影响等方面提供有价值的参考依据。Border irrigation is the most widely used irrigation method in north China.Optimizing border irrigation technical parameters is an important measure to improve the irrigation and fertilization performance and reduce agricultural non-point source pollution.The multiple technical parameters of border irrigation and the spatial variability of soil infiltration and solute transport parameters make it difficult to study the fertilization performance of border irrigation.This paper collated the commonly used evaluation indexes of irrigation and fertilization performance,summarized the research progress of border irrigation technology factors such as soil texture,fertilization mode,fertilization opportunity and water improvement percentage on the impact of irrigation and fertilization performance,and the appropriate threshold of related parameters,described the application of surface solute transport model suitable for border irrigation and fertilization in different scenes,and summarized the combination of border irrigation technology parameters with high irrigation and fertilization performance.Based on the previous research,the potential research directions in the future were prospected in order to provide valuable reference for further improving crop yield and reducing the impact of fertilizer use on the environment.

关 键 词：畦灌 施肥性能 技术参数 评价 

分 类 号：S274.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]