青海省成年人棘球蚴病防治知识知晓情况及影响因素分析  

Awareness and influencing factors of knowledge on echinococcosis prevention and control among adults in Qinghai Province

作　　者：刘玉英 张甜甜 马霄[2] 雷雯[2] 马冰村 刘寿[1] LIU Yu-ying;ZHANG Tian-tian;MA Xiao;LEI Wen;MA Bing-cun;LIU Shou(Faculty of Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining 810001,China;Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Xining 810000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学医学部公共卫生系,西宁810001 [2]青海省地方病预防控制所,西宁810000

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2022年第6期723-729,736,共8页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81860606);青海省自然科学基金(2019-ZJ-906)。

摘　　要：目的了解青海省成年人棘球蚴病防治知识知晓水平,为精准防控提供依据。方法2021年3—8月,在青海省8个市(州)34个县(区)各抽取1000名18~80岁成年人开展棘球蚴病防治知识知晓水平调查,内容包括棘球蚴病的传染源、传播途径、易感人群、主要症状和国家优惠政策等5方面9小题,答对1题计1分,答对6题以上判定为合格。同时收集被调查者的人口学资料,包括年龄、性别、民族、教育程度、职业、家庭月收入、地区类型、参加棘球蚴病知识健康宣教。计算棘球蚴病防治知识知晓率和合格率,采用单因素和多因素分析棘球蚴病防治知识合格率的影响因素。使用SPSS 23.0对数据进行统计分析。结果本次调查共发放问卷37400份,回收有效问卷33359份,回收率为89.2%。棘球蚴病防治知识总知晓率为64.2%,合格率为57.2%(19076/33359)。知晓率位居前3的地区分别为西宁市(70.5%)、海西州(68.9%)和果洛州(68.0%);合格率位居前3的地区为西宁市(68.8%,2617/3803)、果洛州(67.4%,1844/2734)和海西州(65.4%,2811/4299);海东市的知晓率和合格率均最低,分别为58.3%和46.6%(2525/5422)。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、民族、教育程度、职业、家庭月收入、地区类型、参加棘球蚴病知识健康宣教等7个因素对青海省成年人棘球蚴病防治知识合格率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.15、35.30、251.00、676.29、179.30、10.86、2704.80,P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,影响青海省成年人棘球蚴病防治知识合格率的主要因素为民族(以汉族为对照,藏族OR=0.87,95%CI:0.82~0.93;回族OR=0.84,95%CI:0.77~0.91)、教育程度(以小学及以下组为对照,初高中OR=1.16,95%CI:1.10~1.23;大学及以上OR=1.39,95%CI:1.27~1.53)、职业(以无业人员为对照,农民OR=1.38,95%CI:1.27~1.49;牧民OR=1.67,95%CI:1.53~1.82;机关/事业单位人员OR=2.28,95%CI:2.01~2.59)、家庭月收入(以≤1000元为对照,1001~3000元组OR=1.10,95%CI:1.Objective To understand the awareness of echinococcosis prevention and control knowledge among adults in Qinghai Province,and provide the basis for precise prevention and control.Methods From March to August 2021,adults aged 18 to 80 were selected from 34 counties(districts)in 8 cities(prefectures)of Qinghai Province to conduct a survey on the awareness of echinococcosis prevention and control knowledge.The questionnaire include 9 questions about the source of infection,transmission route,susceptible population,main symptoms and na-tional preferential policies of echinococcosis.1 correct answer counted as 1 point,and more than 6 correct answers were judged as qualified.At the same time,the participant’s demographic data were collected,including age,gender,nationality,education level,occupation,monthly family income,type of residential region,and participation in health education on echinococcosis.The awareness rate and pass rate of echinococcosis prevention and control knowl-edge were calculated,and the influencing factors of the pass rate of echinococcosis prevention and control knowledge were analysed by single-factor and multi-factor analysis.SPSS 23.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 37400 questionnaires were distributed in this survey,and 33359 valid questionnaires were recovered,with a recovery rate of 89.2%.The total awareness rate of echinococcosis prevention and control knowledge was 64.2%,and the pass rate was 57.2%(19076/33359).The top three areas with the highest awareness rate are Xining City(70.5%),Haixi Prefecture(68.9%)and Guoluo Prefecture(68.0%)respectively;these are also the top three areas with the highest pass rate are Xining City(68.8%,2617/3803),Guoluo Prefecture(67.4%,1844/2734)and Haixi Prefecture(65.4%,2811/4299).Haidong City had the lowest awareness rate(58.3%)and qualified rate(46.6%,2525/5422).The results of the univariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference between age,na-tionality,education level,occupation,monthly family income,regional typ

关 键 词：棘球蚴病防治知识 知晓率 合格率 青海 成年人 

分 类 号：R532.32[医药卫生—内科学]