首次于青海省发现Pectobacterium polaris引起马铃薯黑胫病  

First Report of Pectobacterium polaris Causing Blackleg on Potato in Qinghai Province

作　　者：刘思邈 孙清华[1] 张凤军[2] 马永强[2] 冯志文 张若芳[1] LIU Simiao;SUN Qinghua;ZHANG Fengjun;MA Yongqiang;FENG Zhiwen;ZHANG Ruofang(Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010021,China;Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学马铃薯工程技术研究中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [2]青海大学农林科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2022年第6期537-543,共7页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：国家马铃薯产业技术体系(CARS-09-P17);内蒙古自治区高等学校学科研究项目(NJZY21289)。

摘　　要：青海省位于青藏高原和黄土高原的交汇处,具有地理位置海拔较高、日照充足、气候冷凉、昼夜温差大优势,适宜马铃薯的生长。随着马铃薯生产规模的不断扩大,黑胫病的发生逐步蔓延。2021年秋季,在青海省马铃薯产区,发现了疑似马铃薯黑胫病的植株。将样品清洗消毒后,对疑似病症部位病原菌进行分离与纯化,以获得单一菌落的纯净菌株,提取菌株DNA,采用细菌16S r RNA基因扩增的通用引物对待测菌株进行扩增,PCR产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,将质量良好的PCR产物进行Sanger测序,所获得序列与GenBank数据库中己知序列进行Blast比对,并通过MEGAX构建系统发育树,同时,在薯块和马铃薯植株中进行致病性检测。结果显示,分离出的3株菌株满足科赫法则,且序列比对结果与已报道的Pectobacterium polaris菌株同源性高,并基于16S rRNA以及多位点序列分析构建系统发育树,均与Pectobacterium polaris高度相似。因此,这3株分离物属于Pectobacterium polaris菌株,是中国青海省首次报道。Qinghai Province is located at the confluence of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau. It has the advantages of high altitude, abundant sunshine, cool climate and large day-night temperature difference, which is suitable for potato growth. With the continuous expansion of potato production scale, the occurrence of blackleg gradually spreads. In autumn 2021, plants suspected of potato blackleg were found in potato producing areas in Qinghai Province. After the samples were cleaned and disinfected, the pathogenic bacteria in the suspected disease site were isolated and purified to obtain a pure strain of a single colony. The DNA of the strain was extracted and amplified by the universal primer of bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The PCR products were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. The PCR products with good quality were subjected to Sanger sequencing, and the sequences obtained were Blast compared with the known sequences in the GenBank database. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGAX.Meanwhile, the pathogenicity was detected in potato tubers and plants. The results showed that the three isolates satisfied Koch’s rule, and the sequence alignment results showed high homology with the reported Pectobacterium polaris strains. The phylogenetic trees were constructed based on 16S rRNA and multi-locus sequence analysis,indicating that the three isolates were highly similar to Pectobacterium polaris strains. Therefore, these three isolates belong to Pectobacterium polaris, which is reported for the first time in Qinghai Province, China.

关 键 词：Pectobacterium polaris 马铃薯黑胫病 病原菌 序列分析 系统发育树 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]