农田景观格局对新疆阿拉尔垦区棉田牧草盲蝽成虫种群动态的影响  

Effects of farmland landscape pattern on adult population dynamics of Lygus pratensis in Aral Reclamation Area of Xinjiang

作　　者：白顺心 赵金平 苟长青[1] 姚成层 冯宏祖[1] Bai Shunxin;Zhao Jinping;Gou Changqing;Yao Chengceng;Feng Hongzu(Tarim University/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in Comprehensive Agricultural Pest Management in Southern Xinjiang/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Aral,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Aral,Xinjiang 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学/南疆农业有害生物综合治理兵团重点实验室/农业农村部阿拉尔作物有害生物科学观测实验站,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《棉花学报》2022年第6期523-532,共10页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32272539)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确农田景观格局对棉田牧草盲蝽(Lygus pratensis)种群动态的影响,为牧草盲蝽的生态调控提供理论基础。【方法】2019―2021年在新疆阿拉尔垦区共选取20个棉田作为试验点,采用网捕法和性诱剂结合黄板诱捕的方法调查牧草盲蝽成虫种群发生动态,并调查了中心棉田半径2000 m范围内的土地使用情况,拟合500 m、1000 m、1500 m、2000 m尺度下农田景观格局的景观参数与棉田牧草盲蝽第2、3世代成虫种群数量的线性混合模型。【结果】牧草盲蝽在阿拉尔垦区1年发生4代,棉田种群以第2世代和第3世代为主。在4个尺度范围内面积占比较大的为寄主作物生境(64.14%~69.85%),其次是棉花生境(51.21%~55.26%),而林带-荒滩生境、灌木生境、建筑用地生境、小宗作物生境和水体生境的面积占比较小。模型拟合的结果显示,随着尺度增大,景观变量对棉田牧草盲蝽第2代成虫种群数量的控制作用逐渐减弱。棉田第2代牧草盲蝽成虫种群数量与建筑用地生境面积占比(500 m尺度)和林带-荒滩生境面积占比(1500 m尺度)极显著或显著正相关,与寄主作物生境面积占比(1000 m尺度)存在较强的极显著负相关关系。第3代牧草盲蝽成虫种群数量与建筑用地生境面积占比(500 m尺度)存在较强的极显著正相关关系,与寄主作物生境面积占比(1000 m尺度)、小宗作物生境面积占比(1000 m尺度)和水体生境面积占比(1000 m尺度)极显著或显著负相关,在1500 m和2000 m尺度下与周长面积比显著或极显著正相关。【结论】农田景观格局对棉田牧草盲蝽成虫种群数量存在明显的调控作用。农田景观中寄主作物生境、小宗作物生境和水体生境的面积占比增加对棉田牧草盲蝽成虫种群数量有一定控制作用;林带-荒滩生境、建筑用地生境面积占比增大可促进牧草盲蝽在棉田的发生。[Objective]This research aimed to clarify the effect of farmland landscape patterns on the population dynamics of Lygus pratensis in cotton field,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the ecological control of L.pratensis.[Method]A total of20 cotton fields in Aral Reclamation Area of Xinjiang were selected as experimental sites from 2019 to 2021.The methods of net trapping and sex attracter combined with yellow plate trapping were used to investigate the population dynamics of L.pratensis adults,and the land use status around the cotton field within a radius of 2000 m was also investigated.A linear mixed model was fitted to the landscape parameters of farmland landscape patterns at 500 m,1000 m,1500 m and 2000 m scales and the population number of the L.pratensis adults of the second-and third-generation.[Result]L.pratensis had 4 generations in Aral Reclamation Area every year,and the second and third generations were the main populations in cotton fields.At the four scales,host crop habitat(Host)accounted for the highest area(64.14%-69.85%),followed by single crop(Cotton)habitat(51.21%-55.26%),while the area ratio of forest belt and desolate sands habitat(FBDS),shrub habitat(Shrub),building land habitat(Building),other crop habitat(Other crops)and water habitat(Water)were relatively low.The results of model fitting showed that the control effect of landscape variables on the population number of the second-generation adults in the cotton field gradually weakened with the increase of the scale.There were extremely significant or significant positive correlation between the population number of the second-generation adults and the area ratio of Building(500 m scale)and FBDS(1500 m scale),and a strong and extremely significant negative correlation between the population number of the second-generation adults and the area ratio of Host(1000 m scale).There was a strong and extremely significant positive correlation between the population number of the third-generation adults of L.pratensis and the area ratio of Bu

关 键 词：牧草盲蝽 农田景观格局 棉田 种群动态 阿拉尔垦区 

分 类 号：S435.622[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]