防火林带景观树种枯落物的高效降解真菌筛选及效果评估  

Selection of High Efficient Fungi for Litter Degradation in Firebreak Belt

作　　者：徐明[1] 王伟伟[1] 李沛峰 张扬[2] XU Ming;WANG Wei-wei;LI Pei-feng;ZHANG Yang(Jiangsu Academy of Forestry,Nanjing,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省林业科学研究院,江苏南京211153 [2]江西农业大学,国家林业和草原局鄱阳湖流域森林生态系统保护与修复重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2023年第1期132-137,共6页Forest Research

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划-社会发展项目《苏南丘陵山区新型彩色树种生物防火林带构建技术研究与示范》(BE2019772);江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目《生物防火林带构建技术研究》(LYKJ[2022]06)。

摘　　要：[目的]为森林防火和枯枝落叶的循环利用,筛选和优化菌株,并应用于防火林带景观树种枯枝落叶的降解。[方法]采用树种枯枝落叶叶片条降解法、降解失重法筛选出强降解菌株,再比较强降解菌株混合联用的降解失重效果,选出强降解菌株的混合联用组合,并分析其对枯枝落叶的降解效果和作用。[结果]通过比较11菌株对12种防火林带景观树种枯枝落叶的降解效果,筛选出绵皮卧孔菌(Pp)、康宁木霉(Tk_(1))和云芝(Pv)等3株强降解菌株;3菌株单用及联用对檫树、红叶石楠和木荷枯枝落叶降解失重率分别为54.3%±2.3%和62.1%±3.3%。[结论]筛选出的3菌株单用及联用组合,Pp+Pv、Pv+Tk_(1)和Pp+Tk_(1)对防火林带景观树种枯枝落叶有明显的降解效果,可用于苏南丘陵山区的防火和枯枝落叶处理工作。[Objective]To screen and optimize the strain and apply it to the degradation of dead leaves of landscape tree species in forest firebreak belt for recycling of dead leaves and forest fire prevention.[Method]The highly degrading strains were screened out by the degradation methods of leaf strips of tree species in color bio-fireproof forest belt and the degradation weight loss methods.The highly degrading strains and their combinations were selected by the experimental analysis of the degradation weight loss effect of the highly degrading strains and their combinations.In addition,their degradation rules on the dead branches and leaves were analyzed.[Result]Through the degradation experiments of 11 strains on deciduous leaves and dead branches and leaves of 12 colorful landscape trees in the firebreak belt,Postia Placenta(Pp),Trichoderma Koningii(Tk_(1))and Polystictus versicolor(Pv)were found to have strong degradation ability and weight loss effect.The weight loss of Sassafras tsumu,Photinia×fraseri and Schima superba were 54.3%±2.3%and 62.1%±3.3%respectively.[Conclusion]Pp+Pv,Pv+Tk_(1)and Pp+Tk_(1)have significant degradation effect on the tree species in the forest firebreak belts,which can be widely used as in the forest firebreak belts in the south of Jiangsu Province.

关 键 词：防火林带 枯枝落叶 高效降解菌 降解效果 

分 类 号：S762.33[农业科学—森林保护学]