人为干预对太行山坡地核桃林土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Human Intervention on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Walnut Forest on Taihang Hillside

作　　者：李鑫[1] 刘倩愿 郭文芳 王佳乐 刘亚楠[1] 李涵聪 陈艳梅[1] LI Xin;LIU Qian-yuan;GUO Wen-fang;WANG Jia-le;LIU Ya-nan;LI Han-cong;CHEN Yan-mei(School of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Normal University/Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change/Laboratory of Environmental Evolution and Ecological Construction of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050024)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学地理科学学院/河北省环境变化遥感识别技术创新中心/河北省环境演变与生态建设重点实验室,河北石家庄050024

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2023年第1期154-165,共12页Forest Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3901104)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究人为干预对山区坡地人工经济林土壤理化性质的影响,为森林土壤恢复和可持续经营提供科学依据。[方法]以太行山坡地未管理、清理灌草、清理灌草施肥这3种干预方式的核桃林为研究对象,通过野外调查和室内实验比较分析3种干预对核桃林土壤理化性质影响,并采用主成分分析法对土壤质量综合评价。[结果](1)不同人为干预的核桃林土壤理化性质差异明显,未管理的土壤黏粒、粉粒、电导率、有机碳、全氮、全磷最高,土壤砂粒、含水量最低;清理灌草的土壤黏粒、粉粒、电导率、有机碳、全氮等较未管理显著降低(p<0.05),土壤砂粒、含水量则较未管理显著增加(p<0.05);清理灌草施肥的土壤黏粒、粉粒、电导率、含水量、全氮、全磷、全钾较清理灌草略有增加,土壤砂粒、pH、有机碳等较清理灌草略有降低。(2)各干预的核桃林土壤理化性质之间相关性显著,土壤黏粒与砂粒在均呈极显著负相关(p<0.01),土壤有机碳与全氮均呈显著(p<0.05)或极显著(p<0.01)正相关,其余土壤理化指标则在各干预、干预内部土层间呈不同程度的相关性变化。(3)各干预的核桃林土壤理化性质存在一定程度变异,土壤pH在均表现为弱变异性,土壤有机碳、全氮均表现为中等变异性,其余土壤理化指标在各干预、干预内部土层间处于弱变异性与中等变异性的动态变化。(4)3种干预核桃林土壤质量综合评价结果依次为:未管理(2.120)>清理灌草施肥(-0.820)>清理灌草(-1.258),表明未管理的核桃林土壤质量较好,清理灌草的核桃林土壤质量最差,清理灌草施肥的核桃林土壤质量改善效果不大。[结论]人为干预显著影响太行山坡地核桃林土壤理化性质并造成土壤质量差异,因此在经营核桃林时应注重人为干预的调控管理。[Objective]To explore the impact of human intervention on the physical and chemical properties of the soil of artificial economic forest on mountain slopes,and to provide scientific basis for forest soil restoration and sustainable management.[Methods]Based on the walnut forests with three intervention methods:unmanaged,clearing of shrubs and grasses,and clearing of shrubs and grasses and fertilizing on Taihang Mountains,the effects of the three interventions on the soil physical and chemical properties of the walnut forest were compared and analyzed through field investigation and laboratory experiments,and principal component analysis was used for comprehensive evaluation of soil quality.[Results](1)The physical and chemical properties of soil in walnut forests with different human intervention were significantly different.Soil clay,silt,electrical conductivity,organic carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the unmanaged forests were the highest,while soil sand and water content were the lowest;The soil clay,silt,electrical conductivity,organic carbon and total nitrogen in the clearing shrubs and grasses were significantly lower than those in the unmanaged forests(p<0.05),while the soil sand and water content were significantly higher than those in the unmanaged forests(p<0.05);The soil clay,silt,conductivity,water content,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium in the cleared shrub and grass for fertilization were slightly higher than those in the cleared shrub and grass,and the soil sand,pH and organic carbon were slightly lower than those in the cleared shrub and grass.(2)There was a significant correlation between the physical and chemical properties of walnut forest soil in each intervention.There was a very significant negative correlation between soil clay and sand(p<0.01),a significant(p<0.05)or very significant(p<0.01)positive correlation between soil organic carbon and total nitrogen;and the other soil physical and chemical indicators showed different degrees of correlation changes

关 键 词：人为干预 核桃林 太行山坡地 土壤理化性质 土壤质量评价 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]