华北平原冬小麦-夏玉米种植体系周年水分高效利用研究进展  

Research advance on annual water use efficiency of winter wheat-summer maize cropping system in North China Plain

作　　者：张金鑫 葛均筑 马玮[1] 丁在松[1] 王新兵[1] 李从锋[1] 周宝元[1] 赵明[1] ZHANG Jin-Xin;GE Jun-Zhu;MA Wei;DING Zai-Song;WANG Xin-Bing;LI Cong-Feng;ZHOUBao-Yuan;ZHAO Ming(Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Production,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081,China;College of Agronomy&Resource and Environment,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业农村部作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,北京100081 [2]天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津300384

出　　处：《作物学报》2023年第4期879-892,共14页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071957);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-02-12);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(S2022ZD05)资助。

摘　　要：在保证周年较高产量的同时,进一步提高水分利用效率是促进华北平原冬小麦-夏玉米一年两熟种植体系可持续发展的关键。从20世纪中晚期开始国内学者便从节水灌溉技术创新、灌溉制度优化、替代节水种植制度构建和节水抗旱新品种选育等方面开展了以冬小麦-夏玉米两熟种植体系为核心的周年水分高效利用途径的探索,取得了重要进展,显著提高了作物水分利用效率(WUE)。本文综述了华北平原冬小麦-夏玉米种植体系水分高效利用的研究进展,并提出了通过耕作或播/收期调控冬小麦-夏玉米周年降水与地下水平衡利用,促进周年水分(灌溉水和降水)高效利用的技术途径,以充分挖掘华北平原水分生产潜力,为该区冬小麦-夏玉米种植体系节水高产栽培及节水种植制度建立提供思路和依据。Improving water use efficiency without reducing the annual grain yield is the key to promoting the sustainable development of the winter wheat-summer maize cropping system in the North China Plain.Since the middle and late 20th century,many researches have explored ways to improve the annual water use efficiency of winter wheat-summer maize,including development of water-saving irrigation technology,optimizing of irrigation system,establishment of alternative water-saving cropping system,and breeding new variety of water-saving and drought resistant,which significantly improved the crop water use efficiency(WUE).Here,we summarized the research advance on efficient annual water utilization of winter wheat-summer maize cropping system in North China Plain,and proposed a way regulating the annual water balance through using appropriate tillage or sowing/harvest date to improve water use efficiency of winter wheat-summer maize cropping system.It could provide theory and technical support for the establishment of water-saving and high-yield cultivation cropping system of winter wheat-summer maize in the North China Plain.

关 键 词：冬小麦-夏玉米 节水灌溉 节水种植 节水品种 平衡利用 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] S513