甘薯耐低钾基因型苗期筛选及综合评价  

Genotypes screening and comprehensive evaluation of sweetpotato tolerant to low potassium stress at seedling stage

作　　者：刘明 范文静 赵鹏 靳容[1] 张强强 朱晓亚 王静[1] 李强[1,2] LIU Ming;FAN Wen-Jing;ZHAO Peng;JIN Rong;ZHANG Qiang-Qiang;ZHU Xiao-Ya;WANG Jing;LI Qiang(Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District/Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xuzhou 221131,Jiangsu,China;Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China;College of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所/农业农村部甘薯生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,江苏徐州221131 [2]江苏师范大学,江苏徐州221116 [3]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《作物学报》2023年第4期926-937,共12页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-10);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD1000704);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2021311)资助。

摘　　要：为建立甘薯苗期耐低钾能力评价体系,筛选耐低钾和低钾敏感型甘薯材料,通过水培试验设置了低钾胁迫(0 mmol L^(-1)K2O)和正常钾处理(10 mmol L^(-1)K2O),对来自国内外不同薯区的214份甘薯品种(系)材料进行培养,收集生物量、钾积累量、钾含量、钾利用效率等11个性状表征值,计算各指标耐低钾胁迫指数。利用综合隶属函数法,进行主成分分析、回归分析和聚类分析,综合评价各甘薯材料耐低钾能力。结果表明,不同甘薯材料在2个钾水平下的生物量和钾吸收利用特征均有明显差异;低钾胁迫下地上部干重(SB)、地上部干物质增加量(SBI)、根系干物质增加量(RBI)、总干物质增加量(PBI)、地上部钾积累量(KAS)、根钾积累量(KAR)、总钾积累量(KAP)、地上部钾含量(KCS)和根系钾含量(KCR)等9个指标与正常钾处理相比均降低29%以上,而根冠比(RSR)和钾生理利用效率(KUE)分别提高29.63%和120.56%。低钾胁迫下,不同甘薯材料的SB、SBI、PBI、KAS、KAP、KCS、KCR和KUE等8个指标的变异系数均高于正常钾处理。对11个指标的耐低钾胁迫指数进行主成分分析,选择了3个主成分,累计方差贡献率达82.86%;11个指标的耐低钾敏感指数均与耐低钾综合评价值(Y)极显著相关。选择了SBI、RBI、PBI、KAS、KAR、KAP等6个指标作为筛选评价指标,根据聚类热图分析将214份甘薯材料划分为耐低钾型、中间型和不耐低钾型;方差分析表明,耐低钾型品种与其他类型品种相比具有较高的耐低钾胁迫指数,Y值也排列前位,验证了聚类结果的准确性。综合本研究结果,SBI、RBI、PBI、KAS、KAR、KAP等6个指标可作为甘薯苗期耐低钾能力筛选的首选指标;筛选出甘薯苗期耐低钾能力最强的6个品种,分别为济紫薯18号、广紫薯2号、龙薯710、泰中6号、胜利百号、龙薯9号。The purpose of this study was to establish a low potassium(K)tolerant evaluation system for sweetpotato at seed ling stage and to screen sweetpotato materials with low-K-tolerant and low-K-sensitive.214 sweetpotato varieties(lines)from domestic and abroad were cultured under low-K-stress(0 mmol L^(-1)K2O,LK)and normal K treatment(10 mmol L^(-1)K2O,CK)through a hydroponic experiment.11 traits,such as biomass,K accumulation,K content,and K utilization efficiency were collected to calculate the low-K-stress tolerance index of each index.The low-K-tolerant ability of each sweetpotato material was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis(PCA),regression analysis,and cluster analysis.The results showed that the biomass and K uptake and utilization characteristics of different sweetpotato materials were different under two K levels.Under LK treatment,shoot biomass(SB),shoot biomass increase(SBI),root biomass increase(RBI),total biomass increase(PBI),K accumulation in shoot(KAS),K accumulation in root(KAR),K accumulation in plant(KAP),K concentration in shoot(KCS),and K concentration in root(KCR)decreased by more than 29%compared with CK,while root shoot ratio(RSR)and K physiological utilization efficiency(KUE)increased by 29.63%and 120.56%,respectively.Under LK treatment,the variation coefficients of SB,SBI,PBI,KAS,KAP,KCS,KCR,and KUE of different sweetpotato materials were higher than those of CK treatment.Principal component analysis was carried out on the low-K-stress tolerant index of 11 indexes.Three principal components(PC)were selected and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 82.86%.The low-K-tolerant index of 11 indicators was significantly correlated with the comprehensive evaluation value(Y)of low-K-tolerant.Selected SBI,RBI,PBI,KAS,KAR,KAP as screening evaluation indicators,214 sweetpotato materials were divided into low-K-tolerant type,intermediate type and low-K-sensitive type according to cluster heat map analysis.The variance analysis showed that the low-K-tolerant varieties had

关 键 词：甘薯 耐低钾胁迫 品种筛选 评价指标 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]