农药残留降解技术研究现状  

Research Status and Progress of Pesticide Residue Degradation

作　　者：杨霞 荆常亮 余佳敏 杜秀春 苟春苗 余祥文 杨伟 徐海波 李义强[2] 李斌 YANG Xia;JING Chang-liang;YU Jia-min(China National Tobacco Corporation Sichuan Branch,Chengdu,Sichuan 610000;Institute of Tobacco,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao,Shandong 266101;Sichuan Institute of Tobacco Science,Chengdu,Sichuan 610000)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司四川省公司,四川成都610000 [2]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101 [3]四川省烟草科学研究所,四川成都610000 [4]山东青岛烟草有限公司,山东青岛266000 [5]四川烟草复烤有限责任公司,四川成都610000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第2期24-26,36,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(ASTIP-TRIC);中国烟草总公司四川省公司科技项目(SCYC201907);山东青岛烟叶有限公司科技项目(2021-04-01-JZ)。

摘　　要：农药对农业生产和发展起着举足轻重的作用,但是同时也造成了一定的危害,如农药残留引发的污染问题。现阶段降解农药残留的方法主要包括物理方法如应用洗涤、超声波技术、电离辐射和夹带法等;化学方法如应用水解、氧化分解和光化学降解等;生物方法如微生物降解、酶降解和工程菌降解等。微生物降解作为现阶段的热门技术,可为农药残留降解技术提供支撑,为解决农产品和环境中农药污染奠定基础。Pesticides play an important role in agricultural production and development,but they also cause certain harm,such as pollution caused by agricultural residues.At present,the methods for degradation of pesticide residues mainly include physical methods such as washing,ultrasonic technology,ionizing radiation and entrainment;chemical methods such as hydrolysis,oxidative decomposition and photochemical degradation;biological methods such as microbial degradation,enzyme degradation and engineering bacteria degradation.Microbial degradation,as a popular technology at this stage,can provide support for pesticide residue degradation technology and lay a foundation for solving pesticide pollution in agricultural products and the environment.

关 键 词：农药残留 微生物降解 污染 

分 类 号：S481.8[农业科学—农药学]