播期对济麦22产量及主要农艺性状的影响  

Effects of Sowing Date on Tiller Number,Yield and Main Agronomic Traits of Jimai 22 Population

作　　者：裴艳婷 董策[2] 魏龙雪 朱金英 段青青 王静静 肖磊[2] PEI Yan-ting;DONG Ce;WEI Long-xue(Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dezhou,Shandong 253000;Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Handan,Hebei 056001)

机构地区：[1]德州市农业科学研究院,山东德州253000 [2]邯郸市农业科学院,河北邯郸056001

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第2期41-43,46,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为了揭示播期对小麦品种济麦22产量及主要农艺性状的影响规律,为济麦22合理播期的选择以及产量的改善提供参考,试验于2019—2020年在德州市农业科学院试验田进行,设10月5日(D_(1)处理)、10月12日(D_(2)处理)和10月19日(D_(3)处理)3个播期处理,研究了小麦品种济麦22群体变化规律以及产量及主要农艺性状对播期的响应。结果表明,随着播期的推迟,不同生育期群体茎蘖数逐渐降低,产量、穗数、株高和小穗数逐渐降低,且不同播期间均达显著水平;穗粒数、千粒重和成穗率随播期推迟呈先升高后降低趋势,其中不同处理穗粒数由大到小的顺序为D_(2)处理、D_(3)处理、D_(1)处理,千粒重由大到小的顺序为D_(2)处理、D_(1)处理、D_(3)处理,成穗率由大到小的顺序为D_(2)处理、D_(3)处理、D_(1)处理;穗长随播期推迟逐渐变短。相关性分析显示,产量三要素均与产量呈正相关,由大到小的顺序为穗数、穗粒数、千粒重;通径分析表明,穗数和千粒重对产量的作用总和均为正值,其中以穗数的作用最大。由此可见,不同播期条件下济麦22产量提高的关键因素是穗数的增加,其次为千粒重。综合分析认为,不同播期条件下穗数的增加对小麦品种济麦22产量水平的提高发挥了重要的作用。因此,早播处理更适合当前生态条件和应对气候环境的变化。In order to reveal the effects of sowing date on yield and main agronomic characters of wheat variety Jimai 22,and to provide reference for rational sowing date selection and yield improvement,the population dynamics of wheat variety Jimai 22 and the response of yield and main agronomic characters to sowing date were studied in the experimental field from 2019 to 2020 under three sowing dates of October 5(D_(1) treatment),October 12(D_(2) treatment)and October 19(D_(3) treatment).The results showed that the tiller number,yield,panicle number,plant height and spikelet number decreased with the delay of sowing date The grain number per spike,1000-grain weight and ear-forming percentage increased firstly and then decreased with the delay of sowing date.The grain number per spike of different treatments was in the order of treatment D_(2)>treatment D_(3)>treatment D_(1),the grain weight per 1000-grain was treatment D_(2)>treatment D_(1)>treatment D_(3),and the ear-forming percentage was treatment D_(2)>treatment D_(3)>treatment D_(1).The ear length decreased with the delay of sowing date.The correlation analysis showed that the three factors of yield were all positively correlated with yield,the order was panicle number>grain number per panicle>1000-grain weight.Results of path analysis showed that the sum of the effects of panicle number and 1000-grain weight on yield was positive,among which the effects of panicle number was the largest.It could be concluded that the key factor to increase the yield of Jimai 22 under different sowing dates was the increase of spike number,followed by 1000-grain weight.The results showed that the increase of spike number played an important role in increasing the yield of wheat variety Jimai 22 under different sowing dates.Therefore,early sowing was more suitable for the current ecological conditions and climate change.

关 键 词：播期 济麦22 群体茎蘖数 产量 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]